The present invention relates to hydroformylation reaction processes. In one aspect, a hydroformylation reaction process comprises (a) contacting an olefin, hydrogen, and carbon monoxide in the presence of a homogeneous catalyst in a reactor to provide a reaction fluid, wherein the reactor comprises one or more reaction zones; (b) removing a portion of the reaction fluid from a first reaction zone; (c) passing at least a portion of the removed reaction fluid through a shear mixing apparatus to produce bubbles in the portion of the removed reaction fluid, wherein at least a portion of hydrogen and carbon monoxide provided to the reactor is introduced through the shear mixing apparatus; and (d) returning the removed reaction fluid to the first reaction zone through one or more nozzles wherein the returning reaction fluid exiting each nozzle is a jet, wherein the mixing energy density provided to the reactor by the jets is greater than or equal to 500 Watts/m.sup.3.

A fine bubbles generation system for converting gas into fine bubbles in liquid is disclosed. The system comprises a reactor vessel comprising gas input means (2), liquid input means (8), liquid output means, and agitation (7) and mechanical interaction means (11) arranged for providing fine bubble-laden liquid in a two-step process. A fine bubbles generation method for converting gas into fine bubbles in liquid is also disclosed.

A washing machine according to the present invention comprises: a cabinet which forms an outer shape; a tub which is disposed inside of the cabinet, and in which washing water is stored; a pump which circulates the washing water stored in the tub; a circulating nozzle which sprays, into the inside of the tub, the washing water supplied from the pump; a circulating hose which connects the pump to the tub, and guides the circulated washing water to the circulating nozzle; and an atomizing unit which is disposed on the circulating hose, and atomizes the circulated washing water by mixing air. The washing machine according to the present invention supplies, into the inside of the tub through an air mixer, washing water in which air is included, and thus has an advantage of reducing the total flow rate of the used washing water.

The invention relates to a device (1) for generating droplets (30) comprising a plurality of channels (20), wherein each channel (20) extends from an inlet (201) along a respective longitudinal axis (L) to an outlet (202), wherein said device (1) comprises a plurality of layers (10) of a substrate material arranged in a stack (100), wherein each layer (10) comprises a first side (101) and a second side (102) facing away from each other, and wherein said first side (101) of each layer (10) comprises a plurality of grooves (103), wherein said channels (20) are formed by said grooves (103) of said first side (101) of a respective layer (10) of said stack (100) and said second side (102) of a respective adjacent layer (10) of said stack (100). The invention further relates to a method for generating droplets (30) and a fabrication method of the device (1).

A multi-stage mixer includes a multi-stage mixer inlet, a multi-stage mixer outlet, a first flow device, and a second flow device. The multi-stage mixer inlet is configured to receive exhaust gas. The multi-stage mixer outlet is configured to provide the exhaust gas to a catalyst. The first flow device is configured to receive the exhaust gas from the multi-stage mixer inlet and to receive reductant such that the reductant is partially mixed with the exhaust gas within the first flow device. The first flow device includes a plurality of main vanes and a plurality of main vane apertures. The plurality of main vane apertures is interspaced between the plurality of main vanes. The plurality of main vane apertures is configured to receive the exhaust gas and to cooperate with the plurality of main vanes to provide the exhaust gas from the first flow device with a swirl flow.

A humid air forming device, which cools an object to be measured to a predetermined temperature, and which sprays humid air having a predetermined temperature to the cooled object to be measured, thereby forming moisture particles on the surface of the object to be measured, and a measurement system including the same. The humid air forming device includes a cooling unit that cools the object to be measured to a first temperature or lower; and a humid air supply unit that forms humid air having a second temperature, which is higher than the first temperature, and spraying the humid air toward the surface of the cooled object to be measured, thereby forming moisture particles on the surface of the cooled object to be measured.

The invention relates to a device (1) for generating droplets (30) comprising a plurality of channels (20), wherein each channel (20) extends from an inlet (201) along a respective longitudinal axis (L) to an outlet (202), wherein said device (1) comprises a plurality of layers (10) of a substrate material arranged in a stack (100), wherein each layer (10) comprises a first side (101) and a second side (102) facing away from each other, and wherein said first side (101) of each layer (10) comprises a plurality of grooves (103), wherein said channels (20) are formed by said grooves (103) of said first side (101) of a respective layer (10) of said stack (100) and said second side (102) of a respective adjacent layer (10) of said stack (100). The invention further relates to a method for generating droplets (30) and a fabrication method of the device (1).

The present invention provides modular devices and systems for infusing gas into a liquid and methods of manufacture and use thereof. In accordance with an embodiment, a modular device for infusing gas into a liquid is provided. The modular device comprises a plurality of microporous hollow fibers, and a cap covering open ends of the microporous hollow fibers. The cap is configured to receive a gas into an opening and to deliver the gas into the open ends of the microporous hollow fibers. The cap is further configured to removably mount the modular device to a fixture. A system for infusing gas into a liquid may include one or more of the modular gas infusion devices configured to be removably mounted to a fixture such that the microporous hollow fibers are within a hollow cavity. The hollow cavity includes a first opening configured to receive a liquid and a second opening configured to discharge the liquid infused with a gas. Because the system is modular, it is economical to manufacture, scale to different application requirements and to maintain.

A flow control device for mitigating thermal stratification in a mixing tee pipe includes a mixing bowl provided as an empty sphere; a main pipe having a tubular shape, through which a fluid flows, and coupled to the mixing bowl in linkage with the mixing bowl; a branch pipe having a tubular shape, through which a fluid flows, and coupled to the mixing bowl in linkage with the mixing bowl; and a mixing tee pipe having a tubular shape, through which the fluid in the mixing bowl flows, and coupled to the mixing bowl in linkage with the mixing bowl, wherein a fluid introduced from the main pipe and a fluid introduced from the branch pipe are mixed in the mixing bowl and discharged through the mixing tee pipe.

A multi-stage mixer includes a multi-stage mixer inlet, a multi-stage mixer outlet, a first flow device, and a second flow device. The multi-stage mixer inlet is configured to receive exhaust gas. The multi-stage mixer outlet is configured to provide the exhaust gas to a catalyst. The first flow device is configured to receive the exhaust gas from the multi-stage mixer inlet and to receive reductant such that the reductant is partially mixed with the exhaust gas within the first flow device. The first flow device includes a plurality of main vanes and a plurality of main vane apertures. The plurality of main vane apertures is interspaced between the plurality of main vanes. The plurality of main vane apertures is configured to receive the exhaust gas and to cooperate with the plurality of main vanes to provide the exhaust gas from the first flow device with a swirl flow.