An apparatus and method for increasing the mass transfer of a treatment substance into a liquid flowing in a pipe in a full pipe flow regime has a diversion conduit which receives a portion of the liquid. The portion of the liquid is mixed with a treatment substance and then reintroduced into the pipe at a downstream location through an injection structure. Between the diversion conduit, on the upstream side, and the injection structure, on the downstream side, there are a plurality of flow vanes disposed circumferentially about a cylindrical inner wall of the pipe, where each flow vane extends radially inward toward a central axis of the pipe, extending into the main stream flow of the liquid. Another embodiment of the invention has a flow grid located downstream of the injection structure.

An automated template bead preparation system is provided and includes a membrane-based emulsion generation subsystems, a thermal plate and subsystem, and a continuous centrifugation emulsion breaking and templated bead collection subsystem. The emulsion generation subsystem provides uniformity in the preparation of an inverse emulsion and may be used to create large or small volume inverse emulsions rapidly and reproducibly. An emulsion-generating device is provided that can supply a continuous stream of an inverse emulsion to a thermal subsystem, in automated fashion. The thermal subsystem can treat an inverse emulsion passed therethrough. The continuous centrifugation subsystem can continuously break a thermally cycled inverse emulsion and collect template beads formed in the aqueous microreactor droplets of the inverse emulsion.

Embodiments of the present invention relate to a mixing apparatus. Particularly, embodiments of the present invention provide a mixing apparatus for mixing fluid components such as phosgene and amine during a highly reactive chemical reaction. One embodiment provides a mixing conduit comprising a cylindrical sidewall defining an inner volume, wherein one or more jets are formed through the cylindrical sidewalls and connect to the inner volume and one or more flow obstructions disposed in the inner volume, wherein each flow obstruction is positioned upstream from an associated aperture.

A mixer is disclosed for use in a reductant dosing system. The mixer may have an impingement floor located within an intended fluid injection path and generally parallel with a flow direction through the mixer. The mixer may also have a first side wall connected along a lengthwise edge of the impingement floor, a second side wall connected along an opposing lengthwise edge of the impingement floor, and a plurality of shelves extending between the first and second side walls. The plurality of shelves each may include a plurality of vanes that promote mixing of an injected fluid. One or more of the plurality of shelves may extend different distances upstream opposite the flow direction.

Methods and systems are provided for an exhaust gas mixer. In one example, the mixer may include a mixing chamber with a perforated tube located therein.

An automated template bead preparation system is provided and includes a membrane-based emulsion generation subsystems, a thermal plate and subsystem, and a continuous centrifugation emulsion breaking and templated bead collection subsystem. The emulsion generation subsystem provides uniformity in the preparation of an inverse emulsion and may be used to create large or small volume inverse emulsions rapidly and reproducibly. An emulsion-generating device is provided that can supply a continuous stream of an inverse emulsion to a thermal subsystem, in automated fashion. The thermal subsystem can treat an inverse emulsion passed therethrough. The continuous centrifugation subsystem can continuously break a thermally cycled inverse emulsion and collect template beads formed in the aqueous microreactor droplets of the inverse emulsion.

The present invention provides modular devices and systems for infusing gas into a liquid and methods of manufacture and use thereof. In accordance with an embodiment, a modular device for infusing gas into a liquid is provided. The modular device comprises a plurality of microporous hollow fibers, and a cap covering open ends of the microporous hollow fibers. The cap is configured to receive a gas into an opening and to deliver the gas into the open ends of the microporous hollow fibers. The cap is further configured to removably mount the modular device to a fixture. A system for infusing gas into a liquid may include one or more of the modular gas infusion devices configured to be removably mounted to a fixture such that the microporous hollow fibers are within a hollow cavity. The hollow cavity includes a first opening configured to receive a liquid and a second opening configured to discharge the liquid infused with a gas. Because the system is modular, it is economical to manufacture, scale to different application requirements and to maintain.

An apparatus for producing nano-bubbles in a moving liquid carrier includes a conduit through which a liquid carrier can flow, a gas diffuser disposed on an inner surface of the conduit, and a funnel comprising: (i) a first open end having a first cross-sectional area that receives a moving liquid carrier; (ii) a second open end opposite the first open end defining a second cross-sectional area smaller than the first cross-sectional area and fluidly coupled to the opening of the conduit; and (iii) a wall extending from the first open end to the second open end. The funnel is configured to create turbulent flow above the turbulent threshold in the absence of external energy that allows the liquid carrier to shear gas from the outer surface of the diffuser, thereby forming nano-bubbles in the liquid carrier.