A vehicle exhaust system includes an outer housing defining an internal cavity surrounding an axis, an inlet baffle configured to direct engine exhaust gas into the internal cavity, an injector that is configured to spray a fluid into the internal cavity to mix with engine exhaust gas, and an inner wall spaced radially inward of an inner surface of the outer housing to define a gap. The inner wall has an impingement side facing the axis and a non-impingement side facing the gap. At least one heating element is associated with the non-impingement side to actively heat the inner wall to reduce spray deposit formation on the impingement side.

A micro-bubble generator is provided between an input end and an output end of a water outlet device. The micro-bubble generator includes a water inlet member and a water outlet member. A gas inlet gap is remained between the water inlet member and the water outlet member, with the gas inlet gap being communicated to external air, such that the external air is allowed to enter the micro-bubble generator for gas-liquid mixing and generate minute and dense bubbles.

A mixer assembly for a vehicle exhaust system includes a mixer having an upstream end and a downstream end. The mixer defines an internal cavity within which exhaust gases are mixed. A mixer inlet body has an enclosed end and an open end that attaches to the upstream end of the mixer. The mixer inlet body includes an outer peripheral surface extending from the enclosed end to the open end to surround a center axis. The outer peripheral surface includes an inlet port and the enclosed end includes a helically formed portion that initiates a swirling motion to the exhaust gases exiting the inlet port.

The present invention relates to a fluid mixer having a fluid inlet (5), a first passage (1) which connects to the fluid inlet, a helical flow passage (2) which connects to the first flow passage, branched flow passages (4) which are branched from the helical flow passage, a second flow passage (3) to which the branched flow passages individually connect, a connection flow passage (7) which connects the first flow passage and the second flow passage, and a fluid outlet (6) which connects to the second flow passage. The branched flow passages are individually branched from different positions in the direction of flow through the helical flow passages. The branched flow passages which are branched from the helical flow passage individually connect to the second flow passage at different positions in the direction of flow through the second flow passage.

A substrate processing system includes a chemical liquid preparation unit preparing a chemical liquid to be supplied to a substrate and a processing unit which supplies the chemical liquid, prepared by the chemical liquid preparation unit, to the substrate. The chemical liquid preparation unit supplies an oxygen-containing gas, containing oxygen gas, to a TMAH-containing chemical liquid, containing TMAH (tetramethylammonium hydroxide), to make the oxygen-containing gas dissolve in the TMAH-containing chemical liquid.

A vehicle exhaust system includes an outer housing defining an internal cavity surrounding an axis, an inlet baffle configured to direct engine exhaust gas into the internal cavity, and an injector that is configured to spray a fluid into the internal cavity to mix with engine exhaust gas. An inner wall is spaced radially inward of an inner surface of the outer housing to define a gap. The inner wall has an impingement side facing the axis and a non-impingement side facing the gap. At least one heat transfer element is positioned within the gap and in is contact with at least one of the inner surface of the outer housing and the non-impingement side of the inner wall to transfer heat through the inner wall to the impingement side to reduce spray deposit formation.

A nucleic acid amplification device includes: an introduction unit into which a reaction solution including a target nucleic acid is introduced; a nucleic acid amplification reaction section in which at least two temperature zones of different temperature are present, for amplifying the target nucleic acid included in the reaction solution introduced into the introduction unit; and a channel arranged to pass back and forth or in cyclic fashion through the at least two temperature zones, and having a capillary force transport mechanism for feeding the reaction solution by capillary force.

A dispenser includes a body defining an internal volume and an opening that provides a path of fluid communication between the internal volume and an exterior of the body. A first tubular member extends through the opening. A length of the first tubular member is greater than or equal to about 150% of a height of the body. In response to squeezing the body, a composition in the internal volume flows out of the body through the opening and into the first tubular member.

Storage and mixing systems and methods for pasty multicomponent polymethylmethacrylate bone cements, the systems and methods comprise a first tubular cartridge with a first cylindrical internal space containing a first starting component, a first dispensing plunger, a second tubular cartridge that is arranged within the first tubular cartridge. The external wall of the second cartridge touches against the internal wall of the first cartridge and is attached to the internal wall of the first cartridge, whereby the second cartridge contains a second starting component and has a second dispensing plunger arranged in it, whereby a pressing device with a clamping edge for compressing the second cartridge that can be propelled axially in the internal space of the first cartridge is arranged, as seen from the cartridge head, behind the first dispensing plunger and the second dispensing plunger. The pressing device can be propelled appropriately in the direction of the cartridge head such that the second cartridge is being progressively compressed axially during the motion of the pressing device such that, in the process, the first dispensing plunger and the second dispensing plunger are propelled in the direction of the cartridge head.

Material flow amplifiers overcome drawbacks associated with known adverse flow conditions (e.g., surface erosion and head losses) that arise from flow of certain types of materials (e.g., fluids, slurries, particulates, flowable aggregate, and the like) through a material flow conduit. Such material flow amplifiers provide for flow of flowable material within a flow passage of a material flow conduit (e.g., a portion of a pipeline, tubing or the like) to have a cyclonic flow (i.e., vortex or swirling) profile. Advantageously, the cyclonic flow profile centralizes flow toward the central portion of the flow passage, thereby reducing magnitude of laminar flow. Such cyclonic flow profile provides a variety of other advantages as compared to a parabolic flow profile (e.g., increased flow rate, reduce inner pipeline wear, more uniform inner pipe wear, reduction in energy consumption, reduced or eliminated slugging and the like).