Systems are provided for a mixer. In one example, the mixer may include tubes and an outer pipe configured to receive exhaust gas.

A process for increasing alcohol yield from biomass (the form or agro- or forest residue, grains, hops, etc.), involving multiple hydrodynamic cavitation treatments of biomass filtrateboth before and after fermentation. Carbohydrates extracted from biomass are subjected to a first cavitation treatment to promote additional conversion into carbohydrates. The carbohydrates are then combined with bacterial species and nutrients, and allowed to ferment. The fermentation product is subjected to a second hydrodynamic cavitation treatment to promote further conversion of carbohydrates into bioalcohol. After distillation, the bioalcohol is subjected to a second hydrodynamic cavitation treatment to increase its purity.

Mixers in microfluidic separation systems comprise multiple fluidic paths that extend from a distribution well to a mixing well. An incoming flow of solvent composition splits at the distribution well into as many streams as fluidic paths. The streams recombine at the mixing well to produce an output stream. One embodiment has fluidic paths with different dwell volumes that determine a percentage of the incoming flow flowing through each path. These dwell volumes can be targeted to attenuate a known noise characteristic in the incoming compositional flow. Another embodiment of mixer has a contoured surface disposed between the distribution and mixing wells. The paths extend from the distribution well to the mixing well through this contoured surface, each path passing through a different valley defined by opposing upwardly sloping banks. The valleys can have different dwell volumes that determine a percentage of the incoming compositional flow flowing through each valley.

The present disclosure is directed towards a disposable microfluidic cartridge configured for use in a system for the small scale production of nanoparticles used in scientific research or therapeutic applications. The system can be used to produce a wide variety of nanoparticles, including but not limited to lipid and polymer nanoparticles, carrying a variety of payloads. The system provides for a simple workflow which in certain embodiments can be used to produce a sterile product.

A process for increasing alcohol yield from biomass (the form or agro- or forest residue, grains, hops, etc.), involving multiple hydrodynamic cavitation treatments of biomass filtrateboth before and after fermentation. Carbohydrates extracted from biomass are subjected to a first cavitation treatment to promote additional conversion into carbohydrates. The carbohydrates are then combined with bacterial species and nutrients, and allowed to ferment. The fermentation product is subjected to a second hydrodynamic cavitation treatment to promote further conversion of carbohydrates into bioalcohol. After distillation, the bioalcohol is subjected to a second hydrodynamic cavitation treatment to increase its purity.

A mixing device for integration into an exhaust pipe of an internal combustion engine and for mixing an exhaust gas stream (T), which device is formed from a housing having a tubular wall and a mid-axis that can be aligned parallel to the exhaust pipe and from an intermediate wall which is aligned transversely with respect to the mid-axis, wherein the intermediate wall divides the housing and has an inflow side and an outflow side, wherein at least one inflow opening (E1) is provided in the intermediate wall, via which the exhaust gas stream (T) can at least partly flow from the inflow side of the intermediate wall to the opposite outflow side of the intermediate wall, wherein the at least one inflow opening (E1) is placed eccentrically with respect to the mid-axis and is brought close to a wall section (W1) of the tubular wall, wherein a flow guide element (S2) having a longitudinal axis (L2) is provided on the outflow side, which at least partly bounds a mixing chamber with the intermediate wall and by an at least partial deflection of the exhaust gas stream (T) in a radial direction in relation to the mid-axis can be effected, wherein the flow guide element (S2) has at least two outflow openings (A1, A2) and, by the flow guide element (S2), the exhaust gas stream (T) coming from the inflow opening (E1) can be guided to the at least two outflow openings (A1, A2), wherein the outflow openings (A1, A2) are placed eccentrically with respect to the mid-axis and brought close to a common wall section (W2) of the tubular wall, wherein the wall section (W2) is arranged opposite to the wall section (W1) with respect to the mid-axis, and wherein the outflow openings (A1, A2) are arranged on opposite sides of the flow guide element (S2) with respect to the longitudinal axis (L1, L2), wherein, with respect to the mid-axis, the first partial stream (T3) can be can at least partly guided in the anticlockwise direction and a second partial stream (T4) can at least partly be guided in the clockwise direction out of the outflow openings (A1, A2).

A static mixer device comprising a housing having a proximal end, a distal end, and an opening extending between the proximal and distal ends. In certain embodiments, a plurality of metal frits is positioned within the opening of the housing, each of the metal frits extending across a cross-sectional dimension of the opening and having interconnected porosity. In other embodiments, one or more mixer elements fabricated using laser additive manufacturing technology and having novel configurations are positioned within the opening of the housing. In yet other embodiments, the housing comprises multiple openings having different diameters from each other, with each opening either extending through the housing with a constant diameter or with one or more of the openings having a varying diameter.

The present disclosure is directed towards improved systems and methods for large-scale production of nanoparticles used for delivery of therapeutic material. The apparatus can be used to manufacture a wide array of nanoparticles containing therapeutic material including, but not limited to, lipid nanoparticles and polymer nanoparticles. In certain embodiments, continuous flow operation and parallelization of microfluidic mixers contribute to increased nanoparticle production volume.

A mixer assembly comprises a tubular housing including an exhaust gas inlet, an exhaust gas outlet, and a reductant inlet on a side of the tubular housing. An upstream mixing element is positioned within the tubular housing upstream from the reductant inlet. A downstream mixing element is positioned within the tubular housing downstream from the reductant inlet and the upstream mixing element. The upstream and downstream mixing elements at least partially define a reductant receiving mixing chamber in which the injected reductant and exhaust gas mix. A divider is positioned within the tubular housing downstream from the upstream mixing element to split the exhaust into two divided flow streams prior to exiting through the exhaust gas outlet.

The purpose of the present disclosure is, in a bubble generating device provided with a bubble generating unit for generating minute bubbles in water flowing through the inside of the cylindrical main body unit, to improve the bubble generating efficiency of the bubble generating unit. Provided is a bubble generating device provided with a cylindrical main body unit and a bubble generating unit disposed within the main body, wherein: the bubble generating unit is provided with slits extending radially centered on one point within the main body unit in a cross-sectional plane of the main body unit, and a column part protruding from the inner peripheral surface of main body unit and formed on the peripheral edge of the slits; and the amount of protrusion of the column part is gradually reduced toward the upstream side from the peripheral edges of the slits, and the column part has a recessed part formed on the downstream surface.