A new method for generating micro-nano bubbles that uses water hammering, a bubble generating nozzle, and an apparatus for generating micro-nano bubbles are provided to construct a system. The system is for generating micro-nano bubbles in a large amount using only pure water, which does not include any nucleating agents, and for performing not only a clean washing and sterilization but also the generation of uncontaminated micro-nano bubbles. The method defined in the present invention uses water hammering power produced by a mutual collision of jets of dissolved-gas-including solution squirted from two or more spouts. The bubble generating nozzle by the present invention has a configuration, including: a hollow cylinder having two or more small through-holes arrayed in the circumferential direction thereof and a micro-nano bubble discharge port provided on the both ends of the hollow cylinder, wherein the small through-holes are arranged so that all of their extension lines passing through respective center of the cross-section of each of the small through-holes which intersect each other in the inside of the hollow of the cylinder. The apparatus for generating bubble by the present invention has such bubble generating nozzle and has a configuration that enables generation of micro-nano bubbles in a large amount.

The present invention provides a set of ozone water manufacturing device which can greatly reduce an unpleasant smell of ozone gas when ozone water is used for sterilizing hands and feet, and can save power consumption of a pump which operates for preventing stagnation of a water stream in an electrolytic bath. The ozone water manufacturing device includes an electrolytic bath and a mixer which atomizes air bubbles of the ozone gas in the ozone water flowing out of the electrolytic bath. Each of the electrode assemblies in an electrode unit within the electrolytic bath is inclined at the predetermined same angle in a vertical direction. The mixer includes a mixing case bottom and a mixing case main body. A vortex flow generating plate generates a violent water stream from the water stream within the mixing case main body.

An oxygenated water producing apparatus has a filtration assembly, an oxygen dissolving assembly, a minimizing assembly, and an electrolytic assembly that communicate with one another. The filtration assembly has a water filtration device, a water softener, and a water purifier communicating with one another in series. The oxygen dissolving assembly has a cooling tank communicating with the water purifier, a pump communicating with the cooling tank, an air pipe connected to the pump, and a pressure tank communicating with the pump. The minimizing assembly has at least one minimizing device. Each minimizing device has a shell, a minimizing basket with multiple filtrating holes, and a minimizing plate with multiple meshes mounted inside the shell. The electrolytic assembly has at least one electrolytic unit. Each electrolytic unit has a tube having an inlet and an outlet, and a cathode and an anode assembled to the tube.

Methods and systems are provided for a mixer. In one example, a system may include a mixer arranged in a passage and configured to mix two dissimilar types of gases upstream of a device.

The present invention provides a set of ozone water manufacturing device which can greatly reduce an unpleasant smell of ozone gas when ozone water is used for sterilizing hands and feet, and can save power consumption of a pump which operates for preventing stagnation of a water stream in an electrolytic bath. The ozone water manufacturing device includes an electrolytic bath and a mixer which atomizes air bubbles of the ozone gas in the ozone water flowing out of the electrolytic bath. Each of the electrode assemblies in an electrode unit within the electrolytic bath is inclined at the predetermined same angle in a vertical direction. The mixer includes a mixing case bottom and a mixing case main body. A vortex flow generating plate generates a violent water stream from the water stream within the mixing case main body.

An apparatus for aftertreatment of exhaust gas including a housing having a longitudinal axis that extends between a first end and a second end of the housing; an exhaust inlet being positioned at a portion of the first end of the housing for entering exhaust gas flow into the interior of the housing; a first substrate being positioned within the interior of the housing downstream to the exhaust inlet, wherein the exhaust gas flow being configured to flow through the first substrate in direction of the longitudinal axis; mixer arrangement being positioned within the interior of the housing downstream to the first substrate and including: first flow guide arrangement configured to guide the exhaust gas flow to rotating and advancing gas flow in direction of a crosswise axis perpendicular to the longitudinal axis; a reactant inlet for dispensing reactant to the rotating and advancing gas flow, the reactant configured to mix with the exhaust gas; and second flow guide arrangement configured to guide the rotating and advancing mixed gas flow in direction of the longitudinal axis as a mixed exhaust gas flow; and a second substrate being positioned within the interior of the housing downstream to the mixer arrangement, wherein the mixed exhaust gas flow being configured to flow through the second substrate in direction of the longitudinal axis.

An exhaust aftertreatment system may include a housing, an aftertreatment device, and a cantilevered flow distributing element. The housing receives exhaust gas output from an engine and has a main body and an exhaust gas inlet that is angled relative to the main body. The flow distributing element is disposed within the housing upstream of the exhaust aftertreatment device and includes a baffle plate and a collar. The baffle plate is attached to an inner wall of the main body. The collar may include a plurality of first apertures, a downstream axial edge and an upstream axial edge. A portion of the downstream axial edge may abut an upstream-facing surface of the baffle plate. The baffle plate may have a plurality of second apertures extending through the upstream-facing surface. The collar may extend across and partially block at least some of the second apertures.

A mixer for an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine for mixing additives into an exhaust gas flow, with at least one inlet pipe having a pipe axis, with at least one outlet pipe having a pipe axis and with a housing for receiving the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe, wherein the outlet pipe has an inner part which is arranged within the housing and is provided with at least one outflow opening for the purpose of conducting the exhaust gas out of the housing, wherein the housing has a first housing part with a first housing edge and at least one second housing part with a second housing edge, wherein the two housing parts are at least partially connected via the housing edge, and in that the inlet pipe has an inner part which is arranged within the housing and is provided with at least one inlet opening for the purpose of introducing the exhaust gas into the housing, wherein a) the respective housing edge as at least two formations, each having a center axis, and/or b) the respective housing part has at least two rim holes, each having a center axis, and the respective pipe has bearing points via which said pipe is mounted within the formations or within the rim holes, wherein i) the respective pipe is formed symmetrically with respect to the design of the bearing points, and, for the purpose of installation, can be mounted in at least two different positions R1, R2 in the respective formation, or ii) the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe are of identical design with respect to the design of the bearing points, or iii) the two housing parts are connectable in a plurality of positions S1, S2 relative to each other via the housing edge.

A nanobubble-producing apparatus includes a liquid vat provided with a bubble-containing-liquid inlet in an upper part thereof and a bubble-containing-liquid outlet in a bottom part thereof, a microbubble-containing-liquid supply unit to supply microbubble-containing liquid that contains microbubbles to the bubble-containing-liquid inlet of the liquid vat, an ultrasonic collapse unit to radiate ultrasonic waves to the inside of the liquid vat so that an ultrasonic collapse field in which the collapsing of the microbubbles with the ultrasonic waves is concentrated and nanobubbles are generated is formed at a location where the microbubble-containing liquid supplied into the liquid vat through the bubble-containing-liquid inlet flows downward, and a nanobubble-containing-liquid extraction portion where the nanobubble-containing liquid that contains the nanobubbles generated by the ultrasonic collapse unit is taken out of the liquid vat through the bubble-containing-liquid outlet.

Various aspects of the present invention relate to the control and manipulation of fluidic species, for example, in microfluidic systems. In one aspect, the invention relates to systems and methods for making droplets of fluid surrounded by a liquid, using, for example, electric fields, mechanical alterations, the addition of an intervening fluid, etc. In some cases, the droplets may each have a substantially uniform number of entities therein. For example, 95% or more of the droplets may each contain the same number of entities of a particular species. In another aspect, the invention relates to systems and methods for dividing a fluidic droplet into two droplets, for example, through charge and/or dipole interactions with an electric field. The invention also relates to systems and methods for fusing droplets according to another aspect of the invention, for example, through charge and/or dipole interactions. In some cases, the fusion of the droplets may initiate or determine a reaction. In a related aspect of the invention, systems and methods for allowing fluid mixing within droplets to occur are also provided. In still another aspect, the invention relates to systems and methods for sorting droplets, e.g., by causing droplets to move to certain regions within a fluidic system. Examples include using electrical interactions (e.g., charges, dipoles, etc.) or mechanical systems (e.g., fluid displacement) to sort the droplets. In some cases, the fluidic droplets can be sorted at relatively high rates, e.g., at about 10 droplets per second or more. Another aspect of the invention provides the ability to determine droplets, or a component thereof, for example, using fluorescence and/or other optical techniques (e.g., microscopy), or electric sensing techniques such as dielectric sensing.