Rotary valves are adapted to replace traditional slide valves in fluid catalytic cracking units (FCCUs) such as regenerated catalyst valves, spent catalyst valves, cooled catalyst valves, and recirculation catalyst valves. The rotary valves as discussed herein are significantly more compact than a slide valve having a similar flow capacity. The rotary valve is better adapted to provide flow control or throttling than slide valves are. Flow control or throttling occurs with greater response and precision in response to control inputs and rotation. In addition to the size reduction achieved with the rotary valve, the required controls and/or hydraulic fluid necessary to achieve flow changes are significantly reduced, further saving costs for the valve, as hydraulic power units are not required. The omission of a hydraulic power unit also reduces the size of the valve and/or its accompanying structures within the FCCU.

Methods and apparatus for fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) of a hydrocarbon feedstock includes a first reactor (1), a second reactor (2), and a regenerator assembly (3) shared and connected with the two reactors. The regenerator assembly (3) includes a regenerator vessel which has a partition (17) dividing the regenerator vessel into a first subunit (18) and a second subunit (19); a plurality of regenerator inlets for receiving a first spent catalyst and second spent catalyst by the first subunit (18) and the second subunit (19); a plurality of regenerator inlet for receiving a first spent catalyst and a second spent catalyst by the first subunit (18) and the second subunit (10) respectively; an air controller (15) to allow for has flow to an air distributor (16) for supply of the gas to the first subunit (18) and the second subunit (19) to combust coke deposited on the first and the second spent catalyst, separately, to a desired degree to generate a fully and a partially regenerated catalyst.

The present invention is related to a circulating fluidized bed gasification or combustion system (1) using coal or biomass as raw material and comprising a combustion/gasification reactor (2); a cyclone (3) which is in connection with the reactor (2) so as to seperate solid particles from gas flow; a downcomer (4) which is in connection with the reactor (2) and the cyclone (3), extends along the reactor (2), and enables solid particles captured by the cyclone (3) to be sent to the combustion/gasification reactor (2) again; a distributing plate (5) which is in connection with the reactor (2) and provides primary gas supply to the system (1) homogeneously; at least one conduit which is positioned parallel to the downcomer (4); an ejector (7) which is positioned on the downcomer (4) vertically, comprises at least one nozzle (6) spraying pressurized gas towards the reactor (2).

The invention relates to a process and the respective installation for thermal treatment of granular solids, in particular for producing aluminum oxide from aluminum hydroxide, wherein the solids are heated in at least one preheating stage and then reacted in a reactor at 700 to 1400 C. In at least one preheating stage, the average temperature gradient of the solids amounts to <15K/s and the dwell time of the solids amounts to 15 s.

The invention concerns a CLC process, and its installation, producing high purity dinitrogen, comprising:

(a) the combustion of a hydrocarbon feed by reduction of a redox active mass brought into contact with the feed,
(b) a first step for oxidation of the reduced active mass (25) obtained from step (a) in contact with a fraction of a depleted air stream (21b), in order to produce a high purity stream of dinitrogen (28) and a stream of partially re-oxidized active mass (26);
(c) a second step for oxidation of the stream of active mass (26) in contact with air (20) in order to produce a stream of depleted air and a stream of re-oxidized active mass (24) for use in step (a);
(d) dividing the stream of depleted air obtained at the end of step (c) in order to form the fraction of depleted air used in step (b) and a fraction complementary to the depleted air extracted from the CLC.

A method for dehydrogenation of one or more hydrocarbons and regeneration and reactivation of a catalyst composition includes contacting a first gaseous stream comprising a first hydrocarbon, such as propane, with a catalyst composition in a dehydrogenation reactor at a first temperature, thereby producing a first dehydrogenated hydrocarbon, such as propylene, and a deactivated catalyst composition; combusting at least one fuel gas and coke on the deactivated catalyst in the presence of oxygen at a second temperature, thereby producing a heated catalyst composition; and reactivating the catalyst in the presence of oxygen. The second temperature is from 50? C. to 200? C. greater than the first temperature. The catalyst composition is also described and comprises gallium, platinum and a further noble metal, such as palladium.

An apparatus for efficiently removing the exuded substance and/or the attached substance on the surface of a catalyst (catalyst surface substance) from the catalyst is provided. The apparatus comprising a main body, the apparatus for removing a catalyst surface substance present on a surface of a catalyst from the catalyst by bringing a gas flow into contact with the catalyst housed in the main body, wherein a gas flow length in a flow direction of the gas flow is 55 mm or more, and an average flow velocity of the gas flow is 80 m/s or more and 500 m/s or less in terms of a linear velocity at 15 C. and 1 atm.

A system and process for carrying out one or more chemical reactions are provided and include one or more chemical reactors having particulate solids forming a bed therein, and a gas stripping zone forming a non-mechanical seal between said reactors which includes a conduit connecting the reactors. The conduit includes an inlet for a stripping gas which is adapted to prevent process gas from passing between reactors while permitting particulate solids to pass between reactors.

Methods and apparatuses for regenerating catalysts and methods of inhibiting corrosion in catalyst regenerating apparatuses are provided. An exemplary apparatus includes: a metal vessel configured to receive a spent catalyst stream and contact at least a portion of the spent catalyst stream with an oxygen containing environment at a sufficiently high temperature to burn coke present in the spent catalyst stream; a refractory material overlying at least a portion of an inner surface of the metal vessel; and a corrosion inhibiting material in contact with at least a portion of the inner surface of the metal vessel and disposed between the inner surface and at least a portion of the refractory material, wherein the corrosion inhibiting material is heat stable at a temperature of at least up to about 400 F. (about 204 C.) and inhibits contact of an acid environment with the inner surface of the metal vessel.

A system includes a standpipe for receiving a flow of solids therethrough, the standpipe having at least one inlet configured to receive a gas for decreasing a solids-to-gas ratio of the flow, a sealpot having an inlet fluidly coupled to the standpipe and an outlet fluidly coupled to a riser, the sealpot being configured to fluidize the solids received from the standpipe and to transport the solids to the riser, and a drain device fluidly coupled to an outlet in the standpipe, the outlet being located upstream from the inlet of the sealpot. The drain device is configured to remove the excess gas from the flow of solids within the standpipe to increase the solids-to-gas ratio of the flow prior to the solids entering the sealpot.