Provided are therapeutic compositions containing Ecobiotic populations for prevention, treatment and reduction of symptoms associated with a dysbiosis of a mammalian subject such as a human.

Described herein are compositions and methods that, in some embodiments, are specifically configured to treat different types of constipation. In particular, described herein are compositions and methods for treating IBS-C, opioid induced constipation, and chronic idiopathic constipation. In addition to treating the symptom of constipation, these embodiments of the compositions and methods described herein are configured to address specific etiologies and/or pathophysiologies associated with the constipation types of IBS-C, opioid induced constipation, and chronic idiopathic constipation.

The present invention relates to pathogenic bacteria, and is particularly concerned with treating, preventing or ameliorating bacterial infections using novel antibiotic compositions. The invention is especially useful for treating infections of Bacillus and Clostridia species, such as Clostridium difficile, Staphylococcus aureus and Mycobacterium spp. The invention extends to pharmaceutical compositions comprising such formulations. The invention also extends to methods for identifying aerobic Bacillus spp., which exhibit antibacterial activity against other bacteria, such as C. difficile, and to methods for isolating active antibacterial compositions from these aerobic Bacillus spp.

Drug-resistant pathogens have led to disease and expense for health care, agriculture, and food industries. Synthetic chemicals have become less effective at killing antibiotic-resistant pathogens and there is not likely going to be the development of new antibiotics in the future. This disclosure provides for a combination broad-spectrum antibiotic using a combination of plant extracts that protect from drug-resistant pathogens.

The use of a lignin fraction as a human and animal food supplement ingredient, as well as food supplements comprising the same, are disclosed.

A method of enhancing the growth of an animal, as well as treating or preventing antimicrobial infections is provided. The method includes causing the animal to ingest or absorb an effective amount of one or more Fe III complex compounds, including but not limited to Fe III complexes comprising ligands bound to the iron center such as amino acids or -hydroxy acids. The compounds are also useful for inhibiting, reducing, or preventing biofilm formation or buildup on a surface; the treatment of, inhibition of growth of, and inhibition of colonization by, bacteria, both in biological and non-biological environments; disinfecting surfaces, potentiating the effects of antibiotics and other anti-microbial agents, and increasing the sensitivity of bacteria and other microorganisms, to anti-microbial agents are also provided.

A novel antimicrobial peptide is derived from myxinidin peptide. The novel antimicrobial peptides (i.e., myxinidin 2 and myxinidin 3) have low cytotoxicity for human cells while exhibiting an excellent antimicrobial activity, and exhibit an anti-inflammatory and a wound healing effect. Thus, they can be advantageously used as an effective ingredient of antibiotics, a cosmetic composition, a food additive, an animal feed additive, biopesticides, and a quasi-drug product or the like.

The present invention relates to an antimicrobial composition comprising, as an active ingredient, 7,10-epoxyoctadeca-7,9-dienoic acid or a combination of 7,10-epoxyoctadeca-7,9-dienoic acid and another antibiotic. The growth of bacteria can be effectively inhibited regardless of the class of antibiotics when using the antimicrobial composition of the present invention. Therefore, the antimicrobial composition of the present invention can be useful in related pharmaceutical, food and cosmetic industries requiring the inhibition of bacterial growth.

A method of enhancing the growth of an animal is provided. The method includes causing the animal to ingest or absorb an effective amount of a preparation obtainable by a process including, bringing a tyrosinate moiety into contact with an Fe(III)-containing substance, optionally wherein the tyrosinate moiety is tyrosine and it is brought into contact with the Fe(III)-containing substance in the presence of a base, or wherein the tyrosinate moiety is a tyrosine salt and it is brought into contact with an Fe(III)-containing substance. Methods for inhibiting, reducing, or preventing biofilm formation or buildup on a surface; the treatment of, inhibition of growth of, and inhibition of colonization by, bacteria, both in biological and non-biological environments; disinfecting surfaces, potentiating the effects of antibiotics and other anti-microbial agents, and increasing the sensitivity of bacteria and other microorganisms, to anti-microbial agents are also provided.

Suggested is a antimicrobial agent An antimicrobial composition comprising (a) at least one acetophenone derivative of formula (I) in which R.sub.1 stands for hydrogen or methyl, and R.sub.2 stands for hydrogen, hydroxyl or a OCH.sub.3 group, or a cosmetically or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and (b) at least one second antimicrobial agent. ##STR00001##