An integrated process is useful for producing 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) and/or a derivative thereof from a six-carbon sugar-containing feed. The process includes a) dehydrating a feed containing a six-carbon sugar unit, in the presence of a bromine source and of a solvent, to generate an oxidation feed that contains at least one of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) and/or a derivative or derivatives of HMF in the solvent, together with at least one bromine containing species; b) contacting the oxidation feed from step (a) with a metal catalyst and with an oxygen source under oxidation conditions to produce an oxidation product mixture of at least FDCA and/or a derivative thereof, the solvent, and a residual catalyst: c) purifying and separating the mixture obtained in step (b) to obtain FDCA and/or a derivative thereof and the solvent; and d) recycling at least a portion of the solvent obtained in step (c) to step (a).

This disclosure provides embodiments directed to compositions, methods, and processes to produce compounds having the structure:

##STR00001## each of R1-R5 is selected from a hydroxyl group and hydrogen; and R1-R5 include at least one hydroxyl group and at least one hydrogen; and n=0-2. In particular, methods of the disclosure can include reacting a precursor, the precursor containing more oxygen (O) atoms than the compound, with a gas containing hydrogen (H.sub.2) in the presence of a catalyst.

The present disclosure relates to oxidation catalyst compositions comprising a platinum group metal (PGM) component comprising palladium, platinum, or a combination thereof; a manganese component; and a first refractory metal oxide support material comprising zirconia; catalytic articles; and exhaust gas treatment systems, as well as methods of making and using such oxidation catalyst compositions, for example, to reduce formaldehyde levels in engine exhaust emissions.

Disclosed is a method for producing adipamide, which may include the steps of: (a) reacting glucose, nitric acid (HNO.sub.3), sodium nitrite (NaNO.sub.2) and potassium hydroxide (KOH) to produce a glucaric acid potassium salt, (b) producing glucamide by reacting the glutaric acid potassium salt, with an acidic solution and removing a potassium ion from the glucaric acid potassium salt, (c) preparing an reaction admixture by adding the glucamide and a catalyst to hydrogen halide and acetic acid, and (d) treating the reaction admixture with hydrogen gas in a reactor thereby producing the adipamide.

The Invention relates to a nitrogen oxide storage catalyst composed of at least two catalytically-active washcoat layers on a support body, wherein a lower washcoat layer A comprises cerium oxide, an alkaline earth metal compound and/or an alkali compound, platinum and palladium, and manganese oxide, and an upper washcoat layer B disposed on the washcoat layer A comprises cerium oxide, platinum and palladium and does not contain any alkali and alkaline-earth compounds, and to a method for converting NO.sub.x in exhaust gases from motor vehicles which are operated with lean-burn engines.

The invention relates to a nitrogen oxide storage catalyst composed of at least two catalytically active washcoat layers on a support body, wherein a lower washcoat layer A comprises cerium oxide, an alkaline earth metal compound and/or an alkali compound, platinum and palladium, and an upper washcoat layer B located above washcoat layer A comprises cerium oxide, platinum and palladium, does not contain any alkali and alkaline-earth compounds, and has macropores. Also disclosed is a method for converting NOx in exhaust gases from motor vehicles operated with lean-burn engines.

The present invention relates to a diesel oxidation catalyst, which comprises a carrier body having a length L extending between a first end face a and a second end face b and a catalytically active material zone A arranged on the carrier body, wherein the material zone A contains palladium and platinum on a manganese-containing carrier oxide, wherein the carrier oxide consists of a carrier oxide component A and a carrier oxide component B and the carrier oxide component B consists of manganese and/or a manganese compound and is present in an amount of 5 to 15 wt. %, calculated as MnO.sub.2 and based on the total weight of the manganese-containing carrier oxide.

Shaped porous carbon products and processes for preparing these products are provided. The shaped porous carbon products can be used, for example, as catalyst supports and adsorbents. Catalyst compositions including these shaped porous carbon products, processes of preparing the catalyst compositions, and various processes of using the shaped porous carbon products and catalyst compositions are also provided.

An integrated process is described for producing 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid and/or a derivative thereof from a six carbon sugar-containing feed, comprising: a) dehydrating a feed comprising a six-carbon sugar unit, in the presence of a bromine source and of a solvent, to generate an oxidation feed comprised of at least one of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and/or a derivative or derivatives of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural in the solvent, together with at least one bromine containing species; b) contacting the oxidation feed from step (a) with a metal catalyst and with an oxygen source under oxidation conditions to produce an oxidation product mixture comprising 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) and/or a derivative thereof, the solvent, and a residual catalyst; c) purifying and separating the mixture obtained in step (b) to obtain FDCA and/or a derivative thereof and the solvent; and d) recycling at least a portion of the solvent obtained in step (c) to step (a).

Provided is a catalyst including a metal component including a first component that is rhenium and one or more second components selected from the group consisting of silicon, gallium, germanium, and indium and a carrier on which the metal component is supported, the carrier including an oxide of a metal belonging to Group 4 of the periodic table. Also provided is an alcohol production method in which a carbonyl compound is treated using the above catalyst. It is possible to produce an alcohol by a hydrogenation reaction of a carbonyl compound with high selectivity and high efficiency while reducing side reactions.