A novel method of myostatin inhibition is provided.

An antisense oligonucleotide of 15-30 bases or a salt or a solvate thereof, wherein the antisense oligonucleotide has a nucleotide sequence complementary to a target site in exon 1 of the myostatin gene and is capable of inhibiting the production of the mRNA of the myostatin gene. A pharmaceutical drug, a food, a feed, an agent for promoting myocyte proliferation and/or hypertrophy, an agent for increasing muscle mass and/or inhibiting muscle weakness, an agent for inhibiting production of the mRNA of the myostatin gene, and an inhibitor of the function of myostatin, each of which comprises the above antisense oligonucleotide or a salt or a solvate thereof.

A novel method of myostatin inhibition is provided.

An antisense oligonucleotide of 15-30 bases or a salt or a solvate thereof, wherein the antisense oligonucleotide has a nucleotide sequence complementary to a target site in exon 1 of the myostatin gene and is capable of inhibiting the production of the mRNA of the myostatin gene. A pharmaceutical drug, a food, a feed, an agent for promoting myocyte proliferation and/or hypertrophy, an agent for increasing muscle mass and/or inhibiting muscle weakness, an agent for inhibiting production of the mRNA of the myostatin gene, and an inhibitor of the function of myostatin, each of which comprises the above antisense oligonucleotide or a salt or a solvate thereof.

According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a method of treating, preventing or ameliorating acute alcoholic liver damage in a subject comprises administering to the subject an exogenous source of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) comprising NADH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)+hydrogen (H)) or NRH (dihydronicotinamide nucleoside). Administration of the exogenous source of NAD+ may also be used to increase a subject's tolerance to alcohol, and/or to treat, prevent or alleviate the symptoms of an alcohol hangover.

According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a method of treating, preventing or ameliorating acute alcoholic liver damage in a subject comprises administering to the subject an exogenous source of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) comprising NADH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)+hydrogen (H)) or NRH (dihydronicotinamide nucleoside). Administration of the exogenous source of NAD+ may also be used to increase a subject's tolerance to alcohol, and/or to treat, prevent or alleviate the symptoms of an alcohol hangover.

The present invention provides methods and compositions for balancing electron reduction potentials of formulations in a manner that reduces susceptibility to changes from xenobiotics. The present invention also provides novel compositions of matter based on structuring from a mobile nucleotide integral to its architecture.

The present invention provides methods and compositions for balancing electron reduction potentials of formulations in a manner that reduces susceptibility to changes from xenobiotics. The present invention also provides novel compositions of matter based on structuring from a mobile nucleotide integral to its architecture.

An herbal confectionery candy for eyesight improving is provided by the present disclosure and belongs to the technology field of eye vision nutrient health care and Chinese herbal medicine conditioning and eye rehabilitation. The herbal confectionery candy for eyesight improving serves as a supplemental nutrient for human eye lens and retinal photoreceptor cells and provides Chinese herbal medicine eye conditioning, preventive health caring and repairing effects. It contains 12 of the most directly effective nutritional ingredients coupled with 54 kinds of Chinese herbs, processed by the modern technology-based functional candy industry. It is easy to carry around and easy for oral intake. It features the functions of eliminating the intraocular free radicals, repairing damage to eyesight caused by blue light and tonifying eyes with nutrients.

The invention pertains to a composition for use in (a) treatment of impaired motor skills in a mammal suffering from Parkinson's Disease; (b) improving the efficacy of levodopa (L-DOPA) in treatment of impaired motor skills in a mammal suffering from Parkinson's Disease; and/or (c) reducing L-DOPA associated side effects, preferably involuntary movements selected from the group consisting of choreiform, dystonic and dyskinetic movements, in the treatment of impaired motor skills in a mammal suffering from Parkinson's Disease, comprising co-administering to the subject L-DOPA and a composition comprising therapeutically effective amounts of: (i) at least one of uridine, cytidine, or salts, phosphates, acyl derivatives or esters thereof; (ii) at least one of docosahexaenoic acid (22:6; DHA), eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5; EPA) and docosapentaenoic acid (22:5; DPA); (iii) choline, or salts or esters thereof; and (iv) at least one vitamin B selected from vitamins B6, B9 and B12.

Provided herein are methods and compositions for synthesizing 5′Capped RNAs wherein the initiating capped oligonucleotide primers have the general form .sup.m7 Gppp[N.sub.2′Ome].sub.n[N].sub.m wherein .sup.m7G is N7-methylated guanosine or any guanosine analog, N is any natural, modified or unnatural nucleoside, “n” can be any integer from 0 to 4 and “m” can be an integer from 1 to 9.

Provided herein are methods and compositions for synthesizing 5′Capped RNAs wherein the initiating capped oligonucleotide primers have the general form .sup.m7 Gppp[N.sub.2′Ome].sub.n[N].sub.m wherein .sup.m7G is N7-methylated guanosine or any guanosine analog, N is any natural, modified or unnatural nucleoside, “n” can be any integer from 0 to 4 and “m” can be an integer from 1 to 9.