Disclosed herein are new mixed metal oxide catalysts suitable as heterogeneous catalysts for catalyzing the transesterification process of aromatic alcohols with a dialkyl carbonate to form aromatic carbonates. The heterogeneous catalyst comprises a combination of two, three, four, or more oxides of Mo, V, Nb, Ce, Cu, Sn, or an element selected from Group IA or Group IIA of the periodic table.

The present invention discloses a metal complex catalyst, its preparing method and its application in preparing D,L-menthol, the metal complex catalyst includes weight percent elements as follows: 70-85% of Ni, 8-10% of Al, 5-10% of V, and 2-10% of Co. When this metal complex catalyst is applied in preparing D,L-menthol through thymol hydrogenation, it has the characteristics of high reaction activity and quick racemization of chiral compound. Meanwhile, a certain kind of alkali added in isomerization is the key to reducing light constituent byproduct. The whole process comes in good reaction selectivity, simple preparing technology, low production cost, and environment-friendly synthetic route.

The present invention relates to a catalyst for oxidation reactions, particularly for oxidation of mercaptan dialkyldisulfides and/or dialklypolysulfides with oxygen to alkanesulfonic acids.

A photocatalytic member comprises a base and a photocatalytic layer fixed on the base. The photocatalytic layer comprises first photocatalyst particles being visible light responsive photocatalyst particles for hydrogen generation, second photocatalyst particles being visible light responsive photocatalyst particles for oxygen generation, and conductive particles which are provided between the first photocatalyst particle and the second photocatalyst particle, have Fermi level at a negative position relative to an electronic energy level at the upper end of the valence band of the first photocatalyst particle and at a positive position relative to an electronic energy level at the bottom end of the conduction band of the second photocatalyst particle, and are able to store an electron and a hole. In the photocatalytic layer, the conductive particles are located to be coupled to both the first photocatalyst particles and the second photocatalyst particles.

Described herein is a method of converting a first alcohol to a second alcohol that includes forming a mixture including a superparamagnetic catalyst and a feedstock, wherein the feedstock includes the first alcohol, and exposing the mixture to a fluctuating magnetic field to form a product, wherein the product includes a second alcohol having a longer carbon chain length than the first alcohol. A flow-through method is described for converting a first alcohol to a second alcohol, wherein the second alcohol has a longer carbon chain length than the first alcohol. Also described is a method of converting glycerol to butanol that includes forming a mixture including a superparamagnetic catalyst and a feedstock, wherein the feedstock includes glycerol, and exposing the mixture to a fluctuating magnetic field to form a product, wherein the product includes butanol. A flow-through method is described for converting glycerol to butanol.

A process has been developed for preparing a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst precursor and a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst made from the precursor. The process includes preparing a catalyst precursor by contacting a boehmite material with a stabilizer containing vanadium-phosphorus. The boehmite material includes two or more different crystalline boehmites having the same average crystallite size to the nearest whole nanometer and having differing properties selected from surface area, pore volume, density and combinations thereof. The boehmite material is subjected to at least one heat treatment at a temperature of at least 500 C., either before or after the contacting step to obtain a stabilized catalyst support having a pore volume of at least 0.3 cc/g. A catalytic metal or a compound containing cobalt is applied to the stabilized catalyst support to form the catalyst precursor. Finally, the catalyst precursor is reduced to activate the catalyst precursor to obtain the Fischer Tropsch catalyst. The catalyst has enhanced hydrothermal stability as measured by losing no more than 6% of its pore volume when exposed to water vapor.

The present invention relates to a bimetallic mercaptan conversion catalyst for sweetening liquefied petroleum gas at a low temperature, which is prepared by using an Al.sub.2O.sub.3SiO.sub.2 composite oxide as a carrier to support bimetallic active components vanadium and nickel. The bimetallic mercaptan conversion catalyst has a proper specific surface area and more metal active center sites, and has advantages of simple preparation, an efficient mercaptan conversion ability even at a low temperature, and causing no saturation and polymerization of olefins. The bimetallic mercaptan conversion catalyst exhibits superior mercaptan conversion performance in LPG sweetening, has strong adaptability to starting materials, and can also nearly completely remove trace carbonyl sulfide contained in LPG.

A filter incorporates a catalyst for the Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) of NO.sub.x gases and removal of particulate matter from the exhaust gas of a lean burn combustion engine, wherein the catalyst includes a vanadate component having an alkaline earth metal, a transition metal, a rare earth metal, or combinations thereof. The vanadate component may be iron vanadate. The filter includes a supported vanadate component disposed on a wall-flow filter. The method of making the filter includes applying an aqueous mixture of the supported vanadate component as a washcoat on the wall-flow filter or extruding a composition containing the supported vanadate component. The method of treating exhaust gases from an engine includes contacting the exhaust gas with the catalyst including the vanadate component.

The present invention relates to a catalyst for oxidation reactions, particularly for oxidation of mercaptan dialkyldisulfides and/or dialklypolysulfides with oxygen to alkanesulfonic acids.

As a visible-light-responsive photocatalytic-titanium-oxide-particulate dispersion liquid that can achieve a high visible light activity and is of a type different from the related art, the present invention provides a visible-light-responsive photocatalytic-titanium-oxide-particulate dispersion liquid in which two types of titanium oxide particulates are dispersed in an aqueous dispersion medium. The two types of titanium oxide particulates are first titanium oxide particulates, in which a tin component and a transition metal component (but excluding an iron-group component) for enhancing visible light responsiveness are dissolved, and second titanium oxide particulates, in which an iron-group component is dissolved. When a photocatalytic film formed by using this dispersion liquid is used, a high decomposition activity is achieved even in a case where a decomposition substrate has low concentration, which was previously difficult under visible light conditions.