A process for the nitrilation of a fatty acid or of a fatty acid ester, which is optionally unsaturated, by reacting the fatty acid or fatty acid ester with ammonia in a reactor operating continuously in the gas phase or in the mixed gas-liquid phase in a temperature range of from 180 to 400 C., in the presence of a solid catalyst comprising at least one metal oxide, the metal of which belongs to column 8 of the periodic table, as a mixture with at least one metal oxide chosen from aluminum oxides, zirconium oxides, niobium oxides, tantalum oxides and tin oxides, the metal oxide(s), the metal of which belongs to column 8, being present in a volume ratio of 0.1 to 0.6 relative to the volume of the mixture of all the oxides.

A catalyst comprising a barium niobate-based cubic perovskite structure where, Mg and Ca has been used to dope the niobium sites along with Fe, Ni, Co, Y, and Pr.

A photocatalytic functional film has a structure of a substrate, a barrier layer and a photocatalytic layer stacked one on another. The barrier layer is an amorphous TiO.sub.2 film, the photocatalyst layer comprises an amorphous TiO.sub.2 film, and particles of visible light responsive photocatalytic material formed on the surface of the amorphous TiO.sub.2 film. A method for producing a photocatalytic functional film includes: adding an alcohol solvent and an acid to a titanium precursor to obtain a TiO.sub.2 amorphous sol by dehydration and de-alcoholization reaction; applying and drying the TiO.sub.2 amorphous sol on a substrate to form a barrier layer; and applying and drying a composition formed by mixing particles of visible light responsive photocatalyst material with the TiO.sub.2 amorphous sol on the barrier layer, to form a photocatalyst layer.

A catalyst comprising a barium niobate-based perovskite structure where, Mg and Ca has been used to dope the niobium sites along with one or more of Fe, Ni, Co, Y, Yb, W, Ta, and Pr.

The present invention relates to a vanadium and phosphorus mixed oxide (VPO) catalyst for the partial oxidation of n-butane to maleic anhydride. comprising vanadyl pyrophosphate as main component and at least one first promoter element selected from cobalt, iron, copper and mixtures thereof. The present invention further relates to a process for the production of maleic anhydride by partial oxidation of n-butane in the presence of the above mentioned catalyst.

An exhaust gas-purifying catalyst includes a support and a catalytic metal as one or more precious metals supported by the support. The support includes a composite oxide having a composition represented by a general formula AB.sub.C.sub.O.sub.3, wherein A represents one or more elements selected from the group consisting of lanthanum, neodymium, and yttrium, B represents iron or a combination of iron and aluminum, C represents one or more elements selected from the group consisting of iridium, ruthenium, tantalum, niobium, molybdenum, and tungsten, and each represents a numerical value within a range of more than 0 and less than 1, and and satisfy relational formulae of > and +1.

Catalytic cores for a wall-flow filter include juxtaposed channels extending longitudinally between an inlet side and an outlet side of the core, wherein the inlet channels are plugged at the outlet side and outlet channels are plugged at the inlet side. Longitudinal walls forming the inlet and outlet channels separate the inlet channels from the outlet channels. The walls include pores that create passages extending across a width of the walls from the inlet channels to the outlet channels. Catalysts are distributed across the width and length of the walls within internal surfaces of the pores in a manner such that the loading of each catalyst across the width varies by less than 50% from an average loading across the width.

An exhaust gas-purifying catalyst includes a support and a catalytic metal as one or more precious metals supported by the support. The support includes a composite oxide having a composition represented by a general formula AB.sub.C.sub.O.sub.3, wherein A represents one or more elements selected from the group consisting of lanthanum, neodymium, and yttrium, B represents iron or a combination of iron and aluminum, C represents one or more elements selected from the group consisting of iridium, ruthenium, tantalum, niobium, molybdenum, and tungsten, and each represents a numerical value within a range of more than 0 and less than 1, and and satisfy relational formulae of > and +1.

Catalytic cores for a wall-flow filter include juxtaposed channels extending longitudinally between an inlet side and an outlet side of the core, wherein the inlet channels are plugged at the outlet side and outlet channels are plugged at the inlet side. Longitudinal walls forming the inlet and outlet channels separate the inlet channels from the outlet channels. The walls include pores that create passages extending across a width of the walls from the inlet channels to the outlet channels. Catalysts are distributed across the width and length of the walls within internal surfaces of the pores in a manner such that the loading of each catalyst across the width varies by less than 50% from an average loading across the width.

Variations of ZPGM catalyst material compositions including doped CuMn spinel supported on doped zirconia support oxide are disclosed. The disclosed ZPGM catalyst compositions include a small substitution of Ni within the A-site or B-site cation of a CuMn spinel supported on doped zirconia support oxide, and produced by the incipient wetness (IW) methodology. Bulk powder ZPGM catalyst compositions are subjected to XRD analyses to determine the spinel phase formation and stability. Additionally, bulk powder ZPGM catalyst compositions are subjected to a steady-state isothermal sweep test to determine NO, CO, and THC conversion. The ZPGM catalyst material compositions including Ni-doped CuMn spinel supported on doped zirconia support oxide exhibit improved levels in NO and CO conversions, which can be employed in ZPGM catalysts for a plurality of TWC applications, thereby leading to a more effective utilization of ZPGM catalyst materials with high thermal and chemical stability in TWC products.