Hydroxypropionic acid, hydroxypropionic acid derivatives, or mixtures thereof are dehydrated using a catalyst and a method to produce bio-acrylic acid, acrylic acid derivatives, or mixtures thereof. A method to produce the dehydration catalyst is also provided.

Disclosed are a joint production method and device for aziridine, piperazine and triethylenediamine. The method comprises: reaction 1, preparing piperazine and triethylenediamine by taking ethanol amine as a raw material under the existence of a cyclamine catalyst; reaction 2, preparing aziridine by taking the ethanol amine as the raw material under the existence of a catalyst B; and taking heat released in the reaction 1 as a heat source of heat absorption in the reaction 2. The device comprises a reactor 1 for carrying out the reaction 1 and the heat exchange between reaction materials of the reaction 1 and the raw material of the reaction 2 and a reactor 2 for carrying out the reaction 2. According to the present invention, the same raw material, namely the ethanol amine is adopted, aziridine, piperazine and triethylenediamine can be produced in a joint manner, the heat released in the reaction 1 is used for preheating materials in the reaction 2, so that heat coupling between the reactions is implemented, energy conservation is facilitated and competitiveness of the device is improved.

Hydroxypropionic acid, hydroxypropionic acid derivatives, or mixtures thereof are dehydrated using a catalyst and a method to produce bio-acrylic acid, acrylic acid derivatives, or mixtures thereof. A method to produce the dehydration catalyst is also provided.

Hydroxypropionic acid, hydroxypropionic acid derivatives, or mixtures thereof are dehydrated using a catalyst and a method to produce bio-acrylic acid, acrylic acid derivatives, or mixtures thereof. A method to produce the dehydration catalyst is also provided.

Hydroxypropionic acid, hydroxypropionic acid derivatives, or mixtures thereof are dehydrated using a catalyst and a method to produce bio-acrylic acid, acrylic acid derivatives, or mixtures thereof. A method to produce the dehydration catalyst is also provided.

Disclosed are a joint production method and device for aziridine, piperazine and triethylenediamine. The method comprises: reaction 1, preparing piperazine and triethylenediamine by taking ethanol amine as a raw material under the existence of a cyclamine catalyst; reaction 2, preparing aziridine by taking the ethanol amine as the raw material under the existence of a catalyst B; and taking heat released in the reaction 1 as a heat source of heat absorption in the reaction 2. The device comprises a reactor 1 for carrying out the reaction 1 and the heat exchange between reaction materials of the reaction 1 and the raw material of the reaction 2 and a reactor 2 for carrying out the reaction 2. According to the present invention, the same raw material, namely the ethanol amine is adopted, aziridine, piperazine and triethylenediamine can be produced in a joint manner, the heat released in the reaction 1 is used for preheating materials in the reaction 2, so that heat coupling between the reactions is implemented, energy conservation is facilitated and competitiveness of the device is improved.

A preparation method for methylphenol and homologue. Under the conditions of reaction temperature of 150-350 C. and reaction pressure of 1-50 atm, a mixed material of methanol, ethanol and acetone is fed into a reactor containing a catalyst by a carrier gas to produce methylphenol through coupling-aromatization reaction. The method provides a reaction path for directly producing methylphenol and homologue from low carbon micromolecular alcohol and ketone through coupling-aromatization reaction, the maximum selectivity of total cresol is 34.0%, and the selectivity of 2,3,6-trimethylphenol is up to 7.1%. The by-product hydrogen of the reaction path can be used as a chemical material. Other by-products such as high carbon alcohol and ketone whose melting and boiling points are quite different from those of methylphenol and which are easy to be separated by rectification can be used as fuel additives to partially replace petroleum-based products.

The present application relates to a cerium-tin-based composite oxide catalyst for catalyzing purification of a nitrogen oxide, a preparation method and an application thereof. The catalyst has the following chemical composition: a cerium-tin oxide and an M oxide, wherein the M is selected from any one of or a combination of at least two of P, Ti, Zr, V, Mn, Fe, Cu, Al, Si, Ni, Hf, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W, or Re. According to the present application, a cerium-tin-based composite oxide catalyst having the characteristics such as high catalytic activity, high hydrothermal stability, excellent N.sub.2 generation selectivity, a wide operation temperature window, and adaptation to high space velocity reaction conditions is prepared by means of a non-toxic and harmless raw material and a simple method, and the present application is applicable to a device for catalyzing purification of a mobile source nitrogen oxide represented by diesel vehicle exhaust gas and a fixed source nitrogen oxide represented by flue gas from a coal-fired power plant.

An electrode assembly including a first electrode and a dielectric layer on the first electrode. The dielectric layer comprises a lead-containing compound of the formula PbMgV.sub.2O.sub.7, Pb.sub.2Te.sub.3O.sub.8, PbZnV.sub.2O.sub.7, Na.sub.2PbO.sub.2, PbP.sub.2O.sub.6, PbZnSiO.sub.4, Pb.sub.2In.sub.2Si.sub.2O.sub.9, Pb.sub.6(AsO.sub.4)[B(AsO.sub.4).sub.4], PbAl.sub.2Si.sub.2O.sub.8, K.sub.4PbO.sub.3, Pb.sub.2TiAs.sub.2O.sub.9, Pb.sub.4O(VO.sub.4).sub.2, Rb.sub.4PbO.sub.3, Pb.sub.2V.sub.2O.sub.7, Pb.sub.9Al.sub.8O.sub.21, Nd(Al.sub.3O.sub.6)(Pb.sub.2O.sub.2), Pb.sub.6Co.sub.9(TeO.sub.6).sub.5, Pb.sub.3(B.sub.3O.sub.7)NO.sub.3, a lead-containing oxyhalide of the formula Pb.sub.13(Cl.sub.3O.sub.5).sub.2, Pb.sub.13(Br.sub.3O.sub.5).sub.2, Pb.sub.2OF.sub.2, Pb.sub.2CO.sub.3F.sub.2, Pb(AsO.sub.2).sub.3Cl, Pb.sub.3O.sub.2(OH)Cl, Pb.sub.6(BO.sub.3).sub.3OCl, Pb.sub.2B.sub.5O.sub.9I, Pb.sub.2B.sub.5O.sub.9Br, Pb.sub.2B.sub.5O.sub.9Cl, Pb.sub.5(AsO.sub.3).sub.3Cl, Pb.sub.8Y.sub.6F.sub.32O, Pb(O.sub.2Pb.sub.3).sub.2(BO.sub.3)Br.sub.3, Pb.sub.6LaO.sub.7Cl, a lead-containing phosphate of the formula Pb.sub.2PO.sub.4I, Pb.sub.2InP.sub.3O.sub.11, Pb.sub.2MoP.sub.3O.sub.11, Pb.sub.2Ni(PO.sub.4).sub.2, Pb.sub.2VO(PO.sub.4), K.sub.2Pb(PO.sub.3).sub.4, Pb.sub.3(MoO).sub.3(PO.sub.4).sub.5, Pb.sub.4O(PO.sub.4).sub.2, RbPb(PO.sub.3).sub.3, PbVO.sub.2PO.sub.4, Pb.sub.5(PO.sub.4).sub.3F, Pb.sub.5(PO.sub.4).sub.3Cl, Pb.sub.5(PO.sub.4).sub.3I, PbP.sub.2O.sub.6, or a combination thereof. The electrode assembly can be particularly useful in various electronic devices.