A synergistic combination of butyric-acid-producing prebiotics and probiotics, which is used in the fields of foods, dietary supplements and drugs. Specifically, a composition containing probiotics and prebiotics, a food, dietary supplement or pharmaceutical preparation including the composition, and the use of the composition for alleviating and improving a disease or a discomfort, or reducing the occurrence of a disease or a discomfort, wherein the disease or discomfort is related to insufficient butyric acid in the intestine, or to insufficient butyric-acid-producing microorganisms in the intestine. A method for promoting Bifidobacterium lactis HNO19 to produce butyric acid, the method including using a galactooligosaccharide and lactulose as carbon sources for the cultivation of Bifidobacterium lactis HNO19, wherein the weight ratio of the galactooligosaccharide to lactulose is 1:1 to 4:1.

A nutritional supplement composition for treatment of bladder disorders, in particular, overactive bladder (OAB) includes therapeutically effective amounts of pumpkin seed extract, nitric oxide precursor, vitamin D3, prebiotic fiber, preservative, and stabilizer.

Nutritional supplements and methods of nutritional supplementation that affect focus and mental performance while supporting mood in subjects, including children, are provided. The supplements and methods of supplementation improve focus and/or mental performance by supporting both brain and gut health. In some instances, the nutritional supplements and methods of nutritional supplementation described affect both mood and focus in children simultaneously.

A nutritional composition comprises fucosylated human milk oligosaccharide and/or sialylated human milk oligosaccha-ride, non-digestible, fermentable polysaccharide, and Bifidobacterium. The nutritional composition is free of short-chain fructooligosac-charide having at least about 50% of molecules with a degree of polymerization of less than about 5. A method of treating a subject at risk of developing a Clostridium difficile infection or a subject having a Clostridium difficile infection comprises administering such a nutritional composition.

Provided is a composition functioning to improve personalized gut microbiota diversity function. The composition includes ingredients for strengthening spleen and invigorating Qi, ingredients for clearing damp and promoting the circulation of blood, and intestinal bacteria substrates. The ingredients for strengthening spleen and invigorating Qi include one or more of Panax ginseng, an extract of Panax ginseng, Panax quiquefolium, and an extract of Panax quiquefolium; the ingredients for clearing damp and promoting the circulation of blood include an ingredient for clearing damp and an ingredient for promoting the circulation of blood, where the ingredient for clearing damp includes one of or a mixture of more of Wolfiporia cocos and an extract of Wolfiporia cocos, and the ingredient for promoting the circulation of blood includes one of or a mixture of more of nattokinase, natto, and an extract of natto; the intestinal bacteria substrates include water-soluble dietary fiber, water-insoluble dietary fiber, or any combination thereof.

Provided is an oil-and-fat-containing composition which is for food and in which oxidized odor of oil and fat caused by 1-hexanol or 1-pentanol is suppressed. This composition is an edible oil-and-fat-containing composition containing 1-hexanol and/or 1-pentanol, further contains hexanal, and satisfies the following (A) and (B). (A) The content of the hexanol is 10 ppb by mass to 100 ppm by mass. (B) α/β is 1-10,000 and/or α/γ is 1-10,000, where, regarding peak areas measured through SPME-GC/MS at a sample temperature of 80° C., the peak area (m/z=82) of the hexanal is defined as α, the peak area (m/z=84) of the 1-hexanol is defined as β, and the peak area (m/z=70) of the 1-pentanol is defined as γ.

Provided is an oil-and-fat-containing composition which is for food and in which oxidized odor of oil and fat caused by 1-hexanol or 1-pentanol is suppressed. This composition is an edible oil-and-fat-containing composition containing 1-hexanol and/or 1-pentanol, further contains hexanal, and satisfies the following (A) and (B). (A) The content of the hexanol is 10 ppb by mass to 100 ppm by mass. (B) α/β is 1-10,000 and/or α/γ is 1-10,000, where, regarding peak areas measured through SPME-GC/MS at a sample temperature of 80° C., the peak area (m/z=82) of the hexanal is defined as α, the peak area (m/z=84) of the 1-hexanol is defined as β, and the peak area (m/z=70) of the 1-pentanol is defined as γ.

The invention relates to separated, decompacted, cellulose-based fibres acquired from a vegetable raw material, wherein the separated, decompacted, cellulose-based fibres have an aspect ratio after soaking in water of longitudinal diameter to transverse diameter of 1:1 to 1000:1 and a water-binding capacity of >200 wt. % and a water retention capacity of >50%, and a method for acquiring and producing these separated, decompacted cellulose-based fibres. The purification method involves incubation of the vegetable material with an aqueous decomposition solution containing at least one dissolved amino acid and/or peptide with 2-50 amino acids to decompose the compacted cellulose-based fibres.

Orally adhering lozenges comprising soluble dietary fiber are provided herein. The orally adhering lozenges provided herein may be in the form of tablet-type lozenges comprising compressed powders and/or granules in at least two layers. The orally adhering lozenges include at least 30% soluble dietary fiber. The orally adhering lozenges also include an adhesive component to adhere the lozenge inside the mouth. The orally adhering lozenges are also low in cariogenic sugar, non-resistant starch, and polyols.

Orally adhering lozenges comprising soluble dietary fiber are provided herein. The orally adhering lozenges provided herein may be in the form of tablet-type lozenges comprising compressed powders and/or granules in at least two layers. The orally adhering lozenges include at least 30% soluble dietary fiber. The orally adhering lozenges also include an adhesive component to adhere the lozenge inside the mouth. The orally adhering lozenges are also low in cariogenic sugar, non-resistant starch, and polyols.