Method of making a second olefin using a first olefin, comprising steps (A) and (B): (A) performing a metathesis reaction with the first olefin in the presence of a metal complex configured to catalyse said metathesis reaction; (B) epoxidizing an olefin contained in the reaction mixture obtained in step (A) to form an epoxide; and deoxygenizing said epoxide to form said second olefin.

A method for oxidative cleavage of a compound with an unsaturated double bond is provided. The method includes the steps of: (A) providing a compound (I) with an unsaturated double bond, a trifluoromethyl-containing reagent, and a catalyst; ##STR00001## wherein, the catalyst is represented by Formula (II):
M(O).sub.mL.sup.1.sub.yL.sup.2.sub.z  (II); wherein, M, L.sup.1, L.sup.2, m, y, z, R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are defined in the specification; and (B) mixing the compound with an unsaturated double bond and the trifluoromethyl-containing reagent to perform an oxidative cleavage of the compound with the unsaturated double bond by using the catalyst in air or under oxygen atmosphere condition to obtain a compound represented by Formula (III): ##STR00002##

Embodiments in accordance with the present invention encompass compositions encompassing a latent organo-ruthenium compound, a photosensitizer and one or more monomers which undergo ring open metathesis polymerization (ROMP) when said composition is exposed to suitable actinic radiation to form a substantially transparent film or a three dimensional object. Surprisingly, the compositions are very stable at ambient conditions to temperatures up to 80° C. for several weeks and undergo mass polymerization only when subjected to actinic radiation under inert atmosphere such as for example a blanket of nitrogen. Accordingly, compositions of this invention are useful in various opto-electronic applications, including as 3D printing materials, coatings, encapsulants, fillers, leveling agents, among others.

The present invention provides a method for preparing a cyclic carbonate, which has the advantages of high yield, mild reaction conditions, high catalytic efficiency under room temperature and 1 atm pressure conditions, and wide substrate scopes. It is not only suitable for monosubstituted epoxides, but also suitable for disubstituted epoxides. The method comprises the step of reacting epoxides of Formula (I) with carbon dioxide in the presence of a quaternary ammonium salt and a catalyst, to obtain a cyclic carbonate of Formula (II). The reaction formula is: ##STR00001##

An organic acid system with high temperature resistance, including: 80-90% by weight of a solid organic acid anhydride, 3-10% by weight of a hydrolysis catalyst, and 5-10% by weight of a stabilizer. A preparation method and an application of the organic acid system are also provided herein.

The present disclosure provides catalyst compounds including a nonsymmetric bridged amine bis(phenolate), catalyst systems including such, and uses thereof. Catalyst compounds, catalyst systems, and processes of the present disclosure can provide high comonomer content and high molecular weight polymers having narrow Mw/Mn values, contributing to good processability for the polymer itself and for the polymer used in a composition.

Described herein are compositions and methods for the storage and release of hydrogen gas using covalent organic frameworks (COFs). Advantageously, the compositions and methods described herein may be used for the facile and rapid release of hydrogen gas at near ambient temperatures. The described COFs allow for photoactivation, where the release of gas is initiated or the rate of release is increased with the COF is exposed to electromagnetic radiation, for example, UV light.

The invention relates to a method for producing, amongst other things, amino-acid and/or hydroxycarboxylic-acid metal chelates, a solvent-free mixture of at least one metal oxide, metal hydroxide, metal carbonate or oxalate, and the solid organic acid is subjected to intensive mechanical stress. According to the invention, this is done in that the reaction partners are introduced in particle form into a fluid stream of a fluid-bed countercurrent mill operating without grinding elements, wherein mechanical activation of at least one of the reaction partners is effected by collision processes within a reaction chamber formed in a region of the fluid stream, and a solid body reaction to form the metal chelate is triggered. The novel method operates very energy-efficiently and with a high specific yield. It leads to a product having compact particles in the small, single-digit micrometer range having a comparatively narrow particle size distribution and a large surface. The product is homogenous and very pure. Thermal loading or decomposition of the organic chelate ligands, in particular of the amino acids, is likewise avoided, as are contaminants from milling and grinding element abrasion.

Phosphine phosphonate and phenoxyphosphine ligands bearing polyethylene glycol (PEG) chains are used as described herein to produce heterobimetallic catalysts. The ligands can be metallated selectively with palladium or nickel and secondary metal ions to provide well-defined heterobimetallic compounds. These heterobimetallic complexes exhibit accelerated reaction rates and greater thermal stability in olefin polymerization compared to other catalysts.

Disclosed are a catalyst system capable of selectively oligomerizing olefins including ethylene and a method for preparing an olefin oligomer by using the same and, specifically, a novel catalyst system capable of trimerizing and tetramerizing olefins, unlike olefin oligomerization catalyst systems that have been reported so far, and a method for preparing an olefin oligomer by using the same. The present invention provides a catalyst system for olefin oligomerization, the catalyst system comprising: a ligand compound represented by chemical formula 1 or 2; a chromium compound; a metal alkyl compound; and an aliphatic or alicyclic hydrocarbon solvent.