The invention describes single-site metal catalysts such as Pt single-site centers on powdered oxide supports with a 1,10-phenanthroline-5,6-dione (PDO) or bis-pyrimidyltetrazine (BMTZ) ligand on powdered MgO, Al.sub.2O.sub.3, or CeO.sub.2.

A method for oxidative cleavage of a compound with an unsaturated double bond is provided. The method includes the steps of: (A) providing a compound (I) with an unsaturated double bond, a trifluoromethyl-containing reagent, and a catalyst;

##STR00001## wherein, the catalyst is represented by Formula (II):

M(O).sub.mL.sup.1.sub.yL.sup.2.sub.z(II); wherein, M, L.sup.1, L.sup.2, m, y, z, R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are defined in the specification; and (B) mixing the compound with an unsaturated double bond and the trifluoromethyl-containing reagent to perform an oxidative cleavage of the compound with the unsaturated double bond by using the catalyst in air or under oxygen atmosphere condition to obtain a compound represented by Formula (III):

##STR00002##

This invention relates to a supported catalyst system comprising a first iron based catalyst, a second group 4 metal catalyst, a support material, and an activator; wherein the first catalyst is represented by Formula (I) and the second catalyst is represented by Formula (II):

##STR00001##

A catalytic reaction of ethylene oxide (EO) coupling with syngas to produce 1,3-propanediol (1,3-PDO) is disclosed. The catalytic reaction of EO, carbon monoxide and the alcohol uses a N,O-ligand coordinated metal complex catalyst. The reaction is carried out in an organic solvent in the presence of an additive at the temperature of 30-190 C. and the CO pressure of 1-150 atm for 0.1-200 h to prepare 3-hydroxypropinate (3HP). The catalytic reaction of 3HP with dihydrogen uses a copper-containing mixed metal silicon oxide catalyst with a molecular formula of M.sub.uCu.sub.vSi.sub.yO.sub.z. The reaction is carried out at 80-400 C. and 20-150 atm for 0.1-200 h to prepare the 1,3-PDO. The yield of the 1,3-PDO can reach to 73%. The alcohol byproduct generated in the second step catalytic hydrogenation reaction can be recycled to use for the first step catalytic reaction by the ring opening-carbonylation-esterification.

The present invention provides novel solutions to the problem of recycling carbonylation catalysts in epoxide carbonylation processes. The inventive methods are characterized in that the catalyst is recovered in a form other than as active catalyst. In some embodiments, catalyst components are removed selectively from the carbonylation product stream in two or more processing steps. One or more of these separated catalyst components are then utilized to regenerate active catalyst which is utilized during another time interval to feed a continuous carbonylation reactor.

The present invention provides novel solutions to the problem of recycling carbonylation catalysts in epoxide carbonylation processes. The inventive methods are characterized in that the catalyst is recovered in a form other than as active catalyst. In some embodiments, catalyst components are removed selectively from the carbonylation product stream in two or more processing steps. One or more of these separated catalyst components are then utilized to regenerate active catalyst which is utilized during another time interval to feed a continuous carbonylation reactor.

This invention relates to a catalyst composition for a producing process of an unsaturated carboxylic acid salt and its derivatives from carbon dioxide and olefin, wherein the catalyst composition in the present invention has been proved to be effective in catalyzing the carboxylation of carbon dioxide and olefin, wherein said catalyst composition comprises: a) a palladium metal complex as shown in structure (I);

##STR00001## wherein, R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, and R.sup.4 independently represents a group selected from hydrogen atom, halogen atom, alkyl group, alkyl halide group, alkoxy group, amine group, optionally from alkenyl group, alkynyl group, phenyl group, benzyl group, or cylic hydrocarbon group comprising hetero atom; R.sup.5 represents group selected from alkyl group or phenyl group; b) a ligand selected from organophosphorus compound; c) a base selected from sodium tert-butoxide, sodium isopropoxide, sodium 2,6-dimethylphenolate, sodium 2,6-difluorophenolate, sodium 2-methylphenolate, or sodium 2-fluorophenol); and d) a reducing agent.

Provided herein is a coating composition curable by condensation and/or addition reactions and including (A) at least one polymer as binder, (B) at least one crosslinking agent that can be reacted by condensation and/or addition reaction with component (A), and (C) at least one specific complex as catalyst. Also provided herein is a use of the complex for catalyzing the curing of coating compositions curable by condensation and/or addition reaction.

Disclosed herein is a method for selectively reducing, using electrical energy, CO.sub.2 to carbon monoxide or formic acid, a catalyst for use in the method, and an electrochemical reduction system. The method for producing carbon monoxide or formic acid by electrochemically reducing carbon dioxide of the present invention includes (a) reacting carbon dioxide with a metal complex represented by formula (1), and (b) applying a voltage to a reaction product of the carbon dioxide and the metal complex represented by formula (1):

##STR00001##

Metal ion-directed carboxylic acid functionalized polyoxometalate hybrid compounds, and their preparation method and applications in catalyzing the degradation of chemical warfare agent simulants. In the synthesis, Na.sub.2MoO.sub.4, p-hydroxybenzonic acid (PHBA), alanine (Ala), KCl, transition metal cations and As.sub.2O.sub.3 as raw materials and water are used as solvent. At room temperature, 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (CEES) and the prepared polyoxometalate hybrid compounds were mixed together in anhydrous ethanol and stirred, and H.sub.2O.sub.2 was subsequently added into the reaction system. The catalytic reaction for the degradation of CEES was finished within 5 min under stirring. In the catalytic hydrolysis of diethyl cyanophosphonate (DECP), the catalyst, DECP, DMF and H.sub.2O were put together and mixed fully. The prepared polyoxometalate hybrid compounds have the advantages of high conversion, high selectivity and easy recyclability in catalyzing the degradation of two types of chemical warfare agent simulant.