The invention relates to a multitubular reactor for dehydrogenation of liquid phase alcohol dehydrogenation and a method of liquid phase alcohol dehydrogenation. Most of the alcohol dehydrogenation reaction is endothermic reaction, the reaction temperature is high and the equilibrium conversion rate is low.

The invention relates to a method for producing one or more olefins and one or more carboxylic acids, in which one or more paraffins is or are subjected to an oxidative dehydrogenation. For the oxidative dehydrogenation, a reactor (10) having a plurality of reaction zones (11, 12, 13) is used, a gas mixture comprising the one or more paraffins is successively passed through the reaction zones (11, 12, 13), and at least two of the reaction zones (11, 12, 13) are subject to varying temperature influences. The invention also relates to a corresponding system (100).

A solid powder reactor includes: a reaction kettle, including a hollow kettle body and covers; an agitating device, including an agitating shaft and blades, wherein the agitating shaft is arranged in the kettle body and the blades are fixed on the agitating shaft; and a heating system, including a kettle body heater and an agitating heater, wherein the kettle body heater is fixed on the kettle body and the agitating heater is arranged on the agitating device. While the agitating device and the kettle body are driven to agitate, by a driving device fixedly arranged outside the reaction kettle, the heating system heats materials in the reactor. The present invention is applicable to solid reaction of solid powders. The materials containing attached water or not are both feasible, and the materials can directly enter the reactor and react. Compared with conventional solid reactors, the present invention increases the production efficiency.

The invention relates to a multitubular reactor for dehydrogenation of liquid phase alcohol dehydrogenation and a method of liquid phase alcohol dehydrogenation. Most of the alcohol dehydrogenation reaction is endothermic reaction, the reaction temperature is high and the equilibrium conversion rate is low.

A system and method is disclosed for efficiently sulfiding metal catalyst resident in a reactor vessel comprises a sulfiding module and a hydrogen sulfide detection module and a remote computer all arranged and configured to communicate wirelessly and to allow remote control and monitoring of the modules and sulfiding process.

A catalytic converter arrangement for producing phthalic anhydride by means of a gas phase oxidation of aromatic hydrocarbons, comprising a reactor with a gas inlet side for a reactant gas, a gas outlet side for a product gas, a first catalytic converter layer made of catalytic converter elements, and at least one second catalytic converter layer made of catalytic converter elements. The first catalytic converter layer is arranged on the gas inlet side, and the second catalytic converter layer is arranged downstream of the first catalytic converter layer in the gas flow direction. The catalytic converter elements have an outer layer of an active compound. The invention is characterized in that the active compound content in the first catalytic converter layer and/or in the second catalytic converter layer is below 7 wt. %, based on the total weight of the catalytic converter elements, and the ratio of the total surface of the active compound to the volume of the catalytic converter layer is preferably 10000 cm?1 to 20000 cm?1, in each catalytic converter layer.

Systems and methods are disclosed for detecting temperature excursion in a chemical plant or petrochemical plant or refinery. Aspects of the disclosure provide an enhanced control system for a reactor, such as in hydroprocessing. The enhanced control system may provide early warnings of impending undesirable events, directly or indirectly manipulate certain process variables to reduce undesirable outcomes, and/or directly or indirectly manipulate of certain process variables so as to place a reactor unit in a safe park state. This may avoid a high temperature trip, depressuration, associated operating risks, allow for faster recovery from temperature excursions, and/or avoid unplanned emergency shutdowns of the reactor, chemical process, plant, or refinery.

The invention relates to a process for producing phosgene by gas phase reaction of carbon monoxide and chlorine in the presence of a solid-state catalyst in a shell-and-tube reactor (1) comprising catalyst tubes (3) which are surrounded by a reactor shell (23) and which accommodate the solid-state catalyst and around which a temperature control medium flows, and baffle plates (27) arranged at right angles to the catalyst tubes (3) in order to generate crossflow of the temperature control medium with respect to the catalyst tubes (3), comprising the following steps: (a) feeding a gas mixture comprising carbon monoxide and chlorine into the shell-and-tube reactor (1), such that the reaction mixture enters the catalyst tubes (3) at one end; (b) reacting the carbon monoxide with chlorine to give phosgene in the catalyst tubes (3) to give a phosgene-containing product stream; (c) withdrawing the phosgene-containing product stream from the shell-and-tube reactor (1), wherein the amount of liquid temperature control medium in the shell-and-tube reactor (1) is sufficiently large that the temperature of the temperature control medium in the event of failure of the temperature control medium flow reaches the normal boiling point of the temperature control medium no earlier than after 90 s.

The invention relates to a catalyst arrangement for preparing phthalic anhydride by gas-phase oxidation of aromatic hydrocarbons, which comprises a reactor having a gas inlet end for a feed gas and a gas outlet end for a product gas and also a first catalyst zone made up of catalyst bodies and at least one second catalyst zone made up of catalyst bodies, where the first catalyst zone is arranged at the gas inlet end and the second catalyst zone is arranged downstream of the first catalyst zone in the gas flow direction and the length of the first catalyst zone in the gas flow direction is less than the length of the second catalyst zone in the gas flow direction, characterized in that the first catalyst zone has a higher gap content compared to the second catalyst zone.

A process by which the raw material, a gas comprising mainly hydrogen, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide, is introduced into a first reactor together with a catalyst, in which one or more reactions take place that produce methanol or dimethyl ether or both, which are then introduced into a second reactor adding oxygen and a catalyst and producing formaldehyde and a minority of dimethyl ether, and where there may be an excess of water, such water being extracted from the process and the remaining products being introduced into the third reactor with, optionally, an additive, and such raw material is exposed to catalysts and under an atmosphere at medium temperature and pressure, in order to produce three or four groups of chemical reactions that, after extracting most of the water that is generated as a residue during the process, produces as a result a liquid multifunctional product that can be used as a solvent, a foaming agent or an oxygenated fuel; said product, normally a fluid, comprises polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers with molecular formula CH3O(CH2O)nCH3 wherein n has a value between 1 and 7.