A syngas reforming exchanger reactor design is described. The reforming exchanger has a head, a shell, and a tubesheet secured a tube bundle. The tubesheet is bolted to the shell, after which the head is bolted to the shell. A seal is configured between the tubesheet and components of the shell. Another seal is configured between components of the head and the tubesheet. In the reformer exchanger design, those seals are maintained under bolted pressure via the bolting of both the tubesheet and the head to the shell. This design improves the integrity of sealing, thereby preventing escape of hot reformed gases from the reformer exchanger reactor during operation.

Device and method for continuously preparing high-purity AKD without solvent includes a reactor making continuous mixing of raw materials. The process includes: the tertiary amine feeding into the reactor and the continuously feeding acyl chloride from three to ten line; under operating state, the motor rotates the internal cylinder in relation to external cylinder, forcing the fed materials to convey and stir in the conveying section of annular column passage, forcing the materials to shear and mix by movement of shearing and kneading blades. Arrangement of conveying and mixing sections along the axial direction of annular column passage, causes sufficient reaction of materials and controls the material temperature through internal and external heat exchange systems until the reaction products are discharged from outlet. The device and process disperse reaction heat and sufficient material mixture and complete reaction to control the reaction temperature, viscosity and decrease the generation of side reaction.

The present disclosure provides a supercritical fluid gasification system. In some embodiments, the system includes a reactor having a reactor shell including sidewalls that extend between a top reactor cover and a bottom reactor cover, where the sidewalls, the top cover, and the bottom cover enclosing a reactor shell channel. In some embodiments, the reactor includes a thermal shield positioned within the reactor shell channel, the thermal shield having sidewalls that extend between a top thermal shield cover and a bottom thermal shield cover, where the sidewalls, the top thermal shield cover, and the bottom thermal shield cover enclosing a thermal shield channel. In some embodiments, the reactor includes a fluid feed supply conduit in fluid communication with the thermal shield channel, a supercritical fluid conduit in fluid communication with the thermal shield channel, and a product conduit in fluid communication with the thermal shield channel.

A method for prolonging operation intervals between maintenance disruptions in the production of a chemical reaction product, comprising directing at least one reactant stream into a reactor; reacting the reactant(s) in the reactor at elevated temperature and pressure, whereby the chemical reaction product is obtained; withdrawing a stream of a hot chemical reaction product from the reactor; and heat-exchanging the stream of hot chemical reaction product with at least one of the reactant streams; wherein heat-exchanging is performed in at least two shell-and-tube heat exchangers; each of the heat exchangers comprising a plurality of tubes and a shell-side heat exchange passage; wherein the hot chemical reaction product is directed through the tubes of the heat exchangers; and the reactant is guided through the shell-side passage, and at least two of the heat exchangers are connected in series with regard to both the shell-side flow and the tube-side flow. By using two or more heat exchangers, the impact of fouling in individual tubes on the overall heat exchange capacity is reduced in comparison to arrangements where only a single heat exchanger is used.

An apparatus for hydrocarbon cracking includes a reactor and a heating component. The reactor has an interior cavity configured to receive a feed stream. The feed stream includes a hydrocarbon. The heating component surrounds the reactor. The heating component is configured to provide heat to an external surface of the reactor to crack the hydrocarbon and produce a product stream. The product stream includes a C2-C4 alkene, syngas, or a combination thereof. The reactor is configured to discharge the product stream. The heating component can include an electrical resistor, a combustion chamber, or both.

Assembly comprising a reactor, a waste heat boiler, an actuator, a shaft, a shaft sealing element, an axial bearing and a temperature control means, wherein the waste heat boiler is connected to the reactor, wherein the shaft, the shaft sealing element and the axial bearing are arranged on a common axis, wherein the waste heat boiler has an opening through which the shaft is passed and which is sealed by the shaft sealing element, wherein the actuator is arranged outside the waste heat boiler, wherein the temperature control means is arranged inside the waste heat boiler, wherein the actuator is coupled to the shaft at a first end and wherein the actuator is designed to effect rotational drive of the shaft, wherein the temperature control means is coupled to the shaft at a second end and is designed to be adjusted by rotational motion of the shaft, wherein the axial bearing is designed to counteract a motion of the shaft in the direction of the first end of the shaft.

A process for the catalytic oxidation of ammonia, comprising: passing an ammonia-containing gas, in the presence of oxygen, over a catalyst contained in a reactor, obtaining a process gas containing nitrogen oxides, and cooling said process gas with a heat exchanger accommodated in the reactor, wherein a portion of said process gas, located in the shell side, bypasses the heat exchanger and forms a hot current which mixes with cooled gas downstream the heat exchanger, and the bypass is regulated on the basis of a target outlet temperature of the mixed process gas.

A waste gas treatment equipment includes a reactor defining a waste gas reaction space, an induction heating pipe disposed in and dividing the waste gas reaction space into inner and outer spaces, a coil protector disposed in the outer space and surrounding the induction heating pipe, a flow guide tube inserted into the inner space through a bottom wall of the reactor, and a high frequency coil disposed in the coil protector. A catalyst barrel has a barrel body sleeved on a top portion of the flow guide tube, including an outer wall provided with a plurality of through holes, and defining a receiving space communicating with the through holes and for receiving a catalyst. A scraper mechanism is provided in the reactor for scraping dust or crystals attached to the inner wall surface of the flow guide tube and the outer wall of the barrel body.

The invention provides a reactor assembly (1) comprising a reactor (30), wherein the reactor (30) is configured for hosting a fluid (100) to be treated with light source radiation (11) selected from one or more of UV radiation, visible radiation, and IR radiation, wherein the reactor (30) comprises a reactor wall (35) which is transmissive for the light source radiation (11), wherein: the reactor (30) is a tubular reactor (130), and wherein the reactor wall (35) defines the tubular reactor (130); the tubular reactor (130) is configured in a tubular arrangement (1130); the reactor assembly (1) further comprises a reactor support element (40), wherein the reactor support element (40) comprises a track (42), wherein the track (42) partly encloses the tubular reactor (130), wherein the reactor support element (40) comprises a thermally conductive element (2), and wherein the tubular reactor (130) is configured in thermal contact with the thermally conductive element (2).

A heat exchanger for use in a urea production system may include a first chamber, a second chamber adjacent to the first chamber, a first tubesheet provided between the first chamber and the second chamber, a first plurality of holes provided in the tubesheet, and a plurality of tubes in fluid communication with the first chamber and extending through the second chamber. The second chamber may be sealed from the first chamber. The first tubesheet may include a first base layer and a first clad layer explosively welded to the first base layer. The first base layer may include a first carbon steel. The first clad layer may include a stainless steel alloy, a austenitic stainless steel, a superaustenitic stainless steel, a duplex stainless steel, or a super-duplex steel stainless steel. The heat exchanger may be configured for use in at least one step in a urea production process.