The present invention provides microfabricated substrates and methods of conducting reactions within these substrates. The reactions occur in plugs transported in the flow of a carrier-fluid.

Systems, computer program products, and methods for using a flow cell array are provided herein. A computer program product includes a computer readable storage medium having program instructions embodied therewith, the program instructions executable by a device to cause the device to determine placement of multiple reaction site openings, wherein each reaction site opening is connected to a first sub-surface channel; connect the first sub-surface channel to two or more additional sub-surface channels by multiple vias; and provide a material for multiple reaction sites, wherein an overlap of the multiple reaction site openings and the material delineate the multiple reaction sites.

A flow cell includes: a first substrate; a second substrate; a first resin layer disposed over an inner surface of the first substrate; a second resin layer disposed over an inner surface of the second substrate; a first plurality of biological capture sites located at the first resin layer; a second plurality of biological capture sites located at the second resin layer; and a polymer layer interposed between the first resin layer and the second resin layer, such that the first substrate is attached to the second substrate via at least the first resin layer, the polymer layer, and the second resin layer, wherein the polymer layer defines a plurality of microfluidic channels that extend through polymer layer.

The present disclosure provides computer-based methods and systems for controlling peptide synthesis. An embodiment begins by providing a manufacturing process that synthesizes peptides using solid phase slug flow. In turn, the manufacturing process is automated through use of a machine learning engine by selecting values for operating conditions for the manufacturing process. In such an embodiment, a given operating condition is flow rate profile. An embodiment generates an indication of the selected values for the operating conditions and controls the manufacturing process therewith.

Embodiments relate to methods and compositions useful for routing and tracking multiple mobile units within a microfluidic device. Mobile units may be routed through a plurality of chemical environments, and the mobile units may be tracked to determine the path and/or environments that the mobile units have routed through. Mobile units may be routed in accordance with a predetermined algorithm. Mobile units may be routed through microfluidic devices in ordered flow. Mobile units routed through the microfluidic device can be used to perform various chemical reactions uniquely associated to the units, including without limitation peptide synthesis, enzymatic gene synthesis and gene assembly.

A peptide synthesis instrument can be used for small scale peptide synthesis. The instrument can include several unique features, including a compression style reaction vessel permitting quick setup of the reaction vessel, a double reaction vessel system permitting efficient mixing without loss of solvent or solvent-to-resin contact, gravity-fed heated reservoirs establishing a fixed volume for delivery to the reaction vessel, fume-free solvent addition permitting solvent addition to fixed bottles, and an improved amino acid manifold assembly which reduces the number of components and increases the ease of use of the instrument. Each of these features improve upon the current state of the art in solid phase automated peptide synthesizers.

Apparatus, computer program products, and methods for using a flow cell array are provided herein. A computer program product includes a computer readable storage medium having program instructions embodied therewith, the program instructions executable by a device to cause the device to determine placement of one or more reaction sites on a first component; provide a material for the reaction sites in one or more surface channels of the first component; connect the first component to a second component to form an array, wherein the surface channels of the first component connect the reaction sites with one or more vias, and wherein the second component comprises the vias connected to multiple sub-surface channels; and align the surface channels of the first component with the vias of the second component to form a connection between the first component and the second component.

Systems, computer program products, and methods for using a flow cell array are provided herein. A system includes at least one processor coupled to a memory and configured for delivering multiple items of chemical matter independently to multiple reaction sites of a flow cell array across multiple distinct instances of time; imaging multiple parallel chemical reactions at the multiple reaction sites of the flow cell array; and recording an emission from each of the multiple chemical reactions site.

Provided in one example is a method of manufacturing a flowcell that includes: forming a core layer, the core layer disposed between a substrate and a nanowell layer, the nanowell layer having nanowells to receive a sample, the core layer having a higher refractive index than the substrate and the nanowell layer; and forming a grating to couple light to the core layer.

Systems, computer program products, and methods for using a flow cell array are provided herein. A system includes at least one processor coupled to a memory and configured for determining placement of multiple reaction site openings, wherein each reaction site opening is connected to a first sub-surface channel; connecting the first sub-surface channel to two or more additional sub-surface channels by multiple vias; and providing a material for multiple reaction sites, wherein an overlap of the multiple reaction site openings and the material delineate the multiple reaction sites.