Technology for a biochip pillar structure is disclosed. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the biochip pillar structure includes: a pillar structure including a plate-shaped first substrate portion, and pillar portions protruding from a surface of the first substrate portion; and a well structure including a plate-shaped second substrate portion, and well portions formed in a surface of the second substrate portion and having a predetermined depth to respectively receive the pillar portions of the pillar structure, wherein the well portions have a diameter within a range of 800 m to 1500 m, and the pillar portions configured to be inserted into the well portions have a diameter of which the ratio to the diameter of the well portions ranges from 0.3 to 0.58, thereby providing a high-density biochip and preventing bubbling in an aqueous liquid contained in the well portions when the pillar portions are inserted.

Devices for the manufacturing of high-quality building blocks, such as oligonucleotides, are described herein. Nano-scale devices allow for selective control over reaction conditions. Further, methods and devices described herein allow for the rapid construction of large libraries of highly accurate nucleic acids.

Devices for the manufacturing of high-quality building blocks, such as oligonucleotides, are described herein. Nano-scale devices allow for selective control over reaction conditions. Further, methods and devices described herein allow for the rapid construction of large libraries of highly accurate nucleic acids.

Disclosed herein are formulations, substrates, and arrays. In certain embodiments, substrates and arrays comprise a porous layer for synthesis and attachment of polymers or biomolecules. Also disclosed herein are methods for manufacturing and using the formulations, substrates, and arrays, including porous arrays. Also disclosed herein are formulations and methods for one-step coupling, e.g., for synthesis of peptides in an N->C orientation. In some embodiments, disclosed herein are formulations and methods for high efficiency coupling of biomolecules to a substrate.

The invention relates to a microarray structure that may include a substrate material layer, a continuous three-dimensional (3D) surface layer on the substrate material layer that is capable of functionalisation for use as an array, and an inert material. The structure may include accurately defined and functionalisable isolated areas which are millimeter to nanometer in size. The functionalisable areas may be part of the continuous 3D surface layer and may be isolated by the inert material but interconnected within the structure by the continuous 3D surface layer.

Methods and devices are provided for preparing a protein array having a plurality of proteins. In one embodiment, the method includes providing a plurality of nucleic acids each having a predefined sequence and expressing in vitro a plurality of proteins from the plurality of nucleic acids. In another embodiment, protein arrays having a solid surface and a microvolume are also provided. The solid surface can have a plurality of anchor oligonucleotides capable of hybridizing with a plurality of nucleic acids. The microvolume can cover each of the plurality of anchor oligonucleotides and can be configured to produce a polypeptide from each of the plurality of nucleic acids.

Methods, compositions and arrays for non-random loading of single analyte molecules into array structures are provided. Arrays of confined regions are produced wherein each confined region comprises a single island within the confined region. The island can be selectively functionalized with a coupling agent to couple a single molecule of interest within the confined region.

The invention relates to a microarray structure including a substrate material layer, a continuous three-dimensional (3D) surface layer on the substrate material layer that is capable of functionalisation for use as an array, and an inert material wherein the structure includes accurately defined and functionalisable isolated areas which are millimeter to nanometer in size. The functionalised areas are part of the continuous 3D surface layer and are isolated by the inert material and are interconnected within the structure by the continuous 3D surface layer.

Disclosed herein are formulations, substrates, and arrays. In certain embodiments, substrates and arrays comprise a porous layer for synthesis and attachment of polymers or biomolecules. Also disclosed herein are methods for manufacturing and using the formulations, substrates, and arrays, including porous arrays. Also disclosed herein are formulations and methods for one-step coupling, e.g., for synthesis of peptides in an N->C orientation. In some embodiments, disclosed herein are formulations and methods for high efficiency coupling of biomolecules to a substrate.

A method for preparing a topographically structured hydrogel microarray is described comprising the steps of a) providing one or more types of biomolecule(s) on top of micropillars of an array of micropillars, preferably by means of robotical spotting, b) providing a partially crosslinked hydrogel on a substrate, preferably attached to a substantially rigid and/or planar substrate, c) simultaneously soft-embossing a hydrogel microwell array and transferring the biomolecule(s) from the micropillars to the microwells by pressing the micropillars of the array of step a) onto the partially crosslinked layer of hydrogel of step b) until substantial completion of crosslinking and d) demolding the array of micropillars of step a) from the hydrogel microwell array of step c). The method according to the invention has the advantages of resulting in higher biochemical patterning precision, allowing for modulation of biochemical parameters by interfacing microarray manufacture with robotic technology and rendering the microarrays obtained compatible with existing read-out systems such as microscopes. Further, the elasticity of the hydrogel can be varied by tuning its shear modulus.