A fluidic chip comprising: a sealing layer having an upper surface and a lower surface; and a formed part comprising a generally planar body having a lower surface sealed with the upper surface of the sealing layer, the generally planar body having a number of through holes and a number of wells in fluid communication with the number of through holes, wherein together with the upper surface of the sealing layer, the number of through holes and the number of wells respectively define a number of fluid inlets and a number of fluid chambers in fluid connection with each other in the fluidic chip.

A microscope slide staining system has a chamber, a plurality of slide support elements, a plurality of spreading devices positionable in association with microscope slides supported on the slide support elements so the spreading devices define a gap between the spreading device and the microscope slide and so the spreading device and the microscope slide are movable relative to one another to spread at least one reagent on the microscope slide independent of the other spreading devices and microscope slides.

A fluidic chip comprising: a sealing layer having an upper surface and a lower surface; and a formed part comprising a generally planar body having a lower surface sealed with the upper surface of the sealing layer, the generally planar body having a number of through holes and a number of wells in fluid communication with the number of through holes, wherein together with the upper surface of the sealing layer, the number of through holes and the number of wells respectively define a number of fluid inlets and a number of fluid chambers in fluid connection with each other in the fluidic chip.

A digital PCR device comprising: a discrete heating area made of a heat conductive material disposed on a surface that is electrically non-conductive, the discrete heating area comprising a plurality of integral wells configured to contain and partition a DNA sample therein; and at least one conductive trace configured to be connected to a dc voltage source and to heat the plurality of integral wells to a uniform temperature when connected to the dc voltage source, the at least one conductive trace disposed on the surface in an undulating configuration at least partially around the discrete heating area.

A device for performing biological sample reactions may include a plurality of flow cells configured to be mounted to a common microscope translation stage, wherein each flow cell is configured to receive at least one sample holder containing biological sample. Each flow cell also may be configured to be selectively placed in an open position for positioning the at least one sample holder into the flow cell and a closed position for reacting biological sample contained in the at least one sample holder. The plurality of flow cells may be configured to be selectively placed in the open position and the closed position independently of each other.

A microscope slide staining system has a chamber, a plurality of slide support elements, a plurality of spreading devices positionable in association with microscope slides supported on the slide support elements so the spreading devices define a gap between the spreading device and the microscope slide and so the spreading device and the microscope slide are movable relative to one another to spread at least one reagent on the microscope slide independent of the other spreading devices and microscope slides.

Disclosed herein are formulations, substrates, and arrays for the synthesis of PNA chains and PNA-DNA chimera on microarrays. In some embodiments, the formulations include a photo-protective compound that shields any PNA monomers, PNA polymers, or PNA-DNA chimera already attached to a microarray from radiation exposure during the synthesis of the PNA or PNA-DNA chains. In some embodiments, substrates and arrays comprise a porous or a planar layer for synthesis and attachment of PNA or DNA monomers, or PNA or PNA-DNA polymers. In some embodiments, disclosed herein are formulations and methods for high efficiency coupling of PNA monomers or PNA polymers to a microarray substrate.

A microscope slide staining system has a chamber, a plurality of slide support elements, a plurality of spreading devices positionable in association with microscope slides supported on the slide support elements so the spreading devices define a gap between the spreading device and the microscope slide and so the spreading device and the microscope slide are movable relative to one another to spread at least one reagent on the microscope slide independent of the other spreading devices and microscope slides.

An apparatus for spreading at least one reagent on at least a portion of a microscope slide includes a spreading device positionable in association with a microscope slide in a way that the spreading device defines a gap between the spreading device and the microscope slide and in a way that the spreading device and the microscope slide are movable relative to one another to spread at least one reagent on at least a portion of the microscope. The spreading device has a reservoir in which the at least one reagent is stored in a way that the at least one reagent is dischargeable from the reservoir onto the microscope slide when the spreading device is positioned in association with the microscope slide.

Devices for the manufacturing of high-quality building blocks, such as oligonucleotides, are described herein. Nano-scale devices allow for selective control over reaction conditions. Further, methods and devices described herein allow for the rapid construction of large libraries of highly accurate nucleic acids.