A fill pack includes a first fill sheet defining an air intake edge, an air exit edge and an airflow axis extending between the air intake edge and the air exit edge. The first fill sheet defines a first flute section having a first inlet end, a first outlet end and a first peak extending between the first inlet end and the first outlet end. A second fill sheet defines a second flute section having a second inlet end, a second outlet end and a second peak extending between the second inlet end and the second outlet end. The first peak extends relative to the second peak such that a first flute portion defined by the first and second flute sections has a cross-sectional shape that changes between the first and second inlet ends and the first and second outlet ends.

The contacting device for countercurrent contacting of fluid streams and having a first pair of intersecting grids of spaced-apart and parallel deflector blades and a second pair of intersecting grids of spaced-apart and parallel deflector blades. The deflector blades in each one of the grids are interleaved with the deflector blades in the paired intersecting grid and may have uncut side portions that join them together along a transverse strip where the deflector blades cross each other or adjacent opposed ends of the deflector blades and cut side portions that extend from the uncut side portions to the ends of the deflector blades. At least some of the deflector blades have directional tabs and associated openings to allow portions of the fluid streams to pass through the deflector blades to facilitate mixing of the fluid streams.

A process for performing a continuous gas/liquid biphasic high-pressure reaction, wherein a gas and a liquid are introduced into a backmixed zone of a reactor and in the backmixed zone the gas is dispersed in the liquid by stirring, injection of gas and/or a liquid jet, a reaction mixture consecutively traverses the backmixed zone and a zone of limited backmixing, and a liquid reaction product is withdrawn at a reaction product outlet of the zone of limited backmixing, wherein the reactor comprises: an interior formed by a cylindrical vertically oriented elongate shell, a bottom and a cap, wherein the interior is divided by means of internals into the backmixed zone, the zone of limited backmixing and a cavity, a first cylindrical internal element which in the interior extends in the longitudinal direction of the reactor and which delimits the zone of limited backmixing from the backmixed zone, backmixing-preventing second internal elements in the form of random packings, structured packings or liquid-permeable trays arranged in the zone of limited backmixing and a third internal element which in the interior extends in the longitudinal direction of the reactor and is open at the bottom, wherein the third internal element forms the cavity in which gas bubbles collect and do not escape upwards, thus preventing the volume of the cavity from being occupied by liquid and reducing the reaction volume. The reaction volume of the reactor used in the process can be reversibly reduced in simple fashion. The invention further relates to a process for adapting the reaction volume of a reactor suitable for performing a gas/liquid biphasic high-pressure reaction having an outlet for a liquid reaction product in which an internal element is arranged so as to form a cavity open at the bottom in which gas bubbles collect and do not escape upwards, thus preventing the volume of the cavity from being occupied by liquid and reducing the reaction volume.

A process for performing a continuous gas/liquid biphasic high-pressure reaction, wherein a gas and a liquid are introduced into a backmixed zone of a reactor and in the backmixed zone the gas is dispersed in the liquid by stirring, injection of gas and/or a liquid jet, a reaction mixture consecutively traverses the backmixed zone and a zone of limited backmixing, and a liquid reaction product is withdrawn at a reaction product outlet of the zone of limited backmixing, wherein the reactor comprises: an interior formed by a cylindrical vertically oriented elongate shell, a bottom and a cap, wherein the interior is divided by means of internals into the backmixed zone, the zone of limited backmixing and a cavity, a first cylindrical internal element which in the interior extends in the longitudinal direction of the reactor and which delimits the zone of limited backmixing from the backmixed zone, backmixing-preventing second internal elements in the form of random packings, structured packings or liquid-permeable trays arranged in the zone of limited backmixing and a third internal element which in the interior extends in the longitudinal direction of the reactor and is open at the bottom, wherein the third internal element forms the cavity in which gas bubbles collect and do not escape upwards, thus preventing the volume of the cavity from being occupied by liquid and reducing the reaction volume. The reaction volume of the reactor used in the process can be reversibly reduced in simple fashion. The invention further relates to a process for adapting the reaction volume of a reactor suitable for performing a gas/liquid biphasic high-pressure reaction having an outlet for a liquid reaction product in which an internal element is arranged so as to form a cavity open at the bottom in which gas bubbles collect and do not escape upwards, thus preventing the volume of the cavity from being occupied by liquid and reducing the reaction volume.

The disclosure provides a structure that is used in the treatment of a fluid. The packing structure comprises a body having an axis. The packing structure also has at least one curved flow path that rotates around, and extends along at least a portion of, the axis of the body.

The contacting device for countercurrent contacting of fluid streams and having a first pair of intersecting grids of spaced-apart and parallel deflector blades and a second pair of intersecting grids of spaced-apart and parallel deflector blades. The deflector blades in each one of the grids are interleaved with the deflector blades in the paired intersecting grid and may have uncut side portions that join them together along a transverse strip where the deflector blades cross each other or adjacent opposed ends of the deflector blades and cut side portions that extend from the uncut side portions to the ends of the deflector blades. At least some of the deflector blades have directional tabs and associated openings to allow portions of the fluid streams to pass through the deflector blades to facilitate mixing of the fluid streams.

A fill sheet for cooling heat transfer fluid in a cooling tower includes an air intake end, an air outlet end, a top edge and a bottom edge. The air outlet end is positioned opposite the air intake end along a lateral axis. The top edge connects the air intake end and the air outlet end and the bottom edge also connects the air intake end and the air outlet end. The bottom edge is positioned opposite the top edge along a vertical axis. A plurality of flutes extends generally parallel to the lateral axis between the air intake end and the air outlet end. An offset extends generally parallel to the vertical axis. A first flute of the plurality of flutes transitions from a first peak at a first side of the offset to a first valley at a second side of the offset.

The invention relates to a packing assembly for a material exchange column, comprising at least one structured packing plate and a container in which the at least one structured packing plate is arranged. The at least one structured packing plate has packing packets. Each packing packet has interconnected packing sheets. The packing sheets are corrugated and have corrugation peaks and corrugation valleys. Adjacent packing sheets contact each other at the corrugation peaks. Additional corrugated packing sheets are added between the packing packets such that the at least one packing plate is pretensioned against the container in a radial direction thereof. Both the corrugated packing sheets of the packing packets as well as the additional corrugated packing sheet added between the packing packets are arranged solely on a common preferred plane or parallel thereto.

A fill sheet for cooling heat transfer fluid in a cooling tower includes an air intake end, an air outlet end, a top edge and a bottom edge. The air outlet end is positioned opposite the air intake end along a lateral axis. The top edge connects the air intake end and the air outlet end and the bottom edge also connects the air intake end and the air outlet end. The bottom edge is positioned opposite the top edge along a vertical axis. A plurality of flutes extends generally parallel to the lateral axis between the air intake end and the air outlet end. An offset extends generally parallel to the vertical axis. A first flute of the plurality of flutes transitions from a first peak at a first side of the offset to a first valley at a second side of the offset.

A fill sheet for cooling heat transfer fluid in a cooling tower includes an air intake end, an air outlet end, a top edge and a bottom edge. The air outlet end is positioned opposite the air intake end along a lateral axis. The top edge connects the air intake end and the air outlet end and the bottom edge also connects the air intake end and the air outlet end. The bottom edge is positioned opposite the top edge along a vertical axis. A plurality of flutes extends generally parallel to the lateral axis between the air intake end and the air outlet end. An offset extends generally parallel to the vertical axis. A first flute of the plurality of flutes transitions from a first peak at a first side of the offset to a first valley at a second side of the offset.