A catalytic reactor includes: a reaction-side flow channel in which a reaction fluid flows; a structured catalyst removably located in the reaction-side flow channel; and a protrusion formed in the structured catalyst or an inner surface of the reaction-side flow channel, having a height forming a clearance between the structured catalyst and the inner surface of the reaction-side flow channel.

A catalytic reactor includes: a reaction-side flow channel in which a reaction fluid flows; structured catalysts accommodated in the reaction-side flow channel. Each structured catalyst includes inclined surfaces in at least part of each of two surfaces facing other structured catalysts. The inclined surfaces are inclined in the same direction with respect to an arrangement direction of the structured catalysts.

A packing structure obtained by assembling packing elements having a spiral helix shape, and the use of a structured packing composed of packing structure for an operation for bringing a gas into contact with a catalyst, and a process for manufacturing such a structured packing.

The present invention also relates to a packing structure obtained by assembling packing elements having a spiral helix shape.

The present invention also relates to the use of a structured packing composed of packing structure for an operation for bringing a gas into contact with a catalyst, and a process for manufacturing such a structured packing.

A packing system is disclosed that has a series of flat blades arranged to promote mixing in a fluidized bed such as one in a FCC stripper, with an upward flowing gas stream and a downward flowing solid particle stream. The blade arrangement provides for different gas solids flow directions within a single layer of packing system to enhance cross mixing of gas and catalyst in all directions and reduces the potential for gas and catalyst bypassing. The blade arrangement has splits which minimizes the tendency for phase separation around the blade. The arrangement and sizing of the blades is intended to promote intimate contact between the two phases to ensure efficient mass transfer of material trapped inside the particles to the gas phase. The arrangement of the blades prevents excessive bubble growth and channeling, both of which reduce surface area for mass transfer.

Provided is an NMP recovery system 1 for causing NMP-containing gas to contact NMP-absorbing water, including: fillers (10A) to (10D) that are permeable to the water and hold the water, wherein the permeated water moves according to gravity to flow out from the fillers; an NMP-containing gas distribution unit (30) for distributing the NMP-containing gas so as to cause the NMP-containing gas to contact the water held by the fillers (10A) to (10D); and a water distribution unit (40) for distributing the water so as to make the water permeate through the fillers (10A) to (10D). In the fillers (10A) to (10D), the NMP-containing gas is made to contact the NMP-absorbing water. Accordingly, NMP in the NMP-containing gas is absorbed in the water, so that the NMP is separated from the NMP-containing gas.

A gas-liquid contactor includes: a plurality of packing material sections through which exhaust gas passes; and a plurality of liquid distributors provided upon each of the plurality of packing material sections, dispersing a CO.sub.2 absorption liquid caused to come in contact with the exhaust gas, and supplying the CO.sub.2 absorption liquid to the plurality of packing material sections. The plurality of packing material sections include a first packing material layer and a second packing material layer that have provided therein flow paths (111a, 112a) for the CO.sub.2 absorption fluid that each extend in prescribed directions (D2, D3). The first packing material layer and the second packing material layer are characterized by being laminated such that the directions (D2, D3) of extension of the flow paths (111a, 112a) in the flow direction (D1) for the exhaust gas are different from each other.

A structured packing module for a gas phase reactor has a structured packing with a central axis extending along a longitudinal direction, and may further include an inner tube extending coaxially with the structured packing and along the longitudinal direction. The structured packing includes a plurality of corrugated sheets, each arranged circumferentially around the central axis and having a first end and a second end spaced apart from each other along the longitudinal direction. The corrugated sheets are arranged to radially overlap with each other such that corrugations of adjacently disposed corrugated sheets are arranged in a crisscross relationship. The structured packing module includes a gas flow path comprising at least one inter-sheet gas flow path defined between the adjacently disposed corrugated sheets.

The invention relates to packed contact devices used in heat/mass exchange column apparatuses in which the processes of rectification, distillation, absorption, and extraction are run, and can be applied in the oil refining, petrochemical, chemical, gas-processing, and food-manufacturing industries. A contact device for carrying out heat/mass exchange and separation of phases in sectional cross-flow packed columns in gas/liquid and liquid/liquid systems comprises a plurality of identical contact elements assembled one upon another in one or more rows in blocks held together by spokes and vertical posts, with formation of walls in the column body that are restricted on horizontal end faces by horizontal segmental baffles conjugated in an arc with the column body; thereat, arranged between the walls are liquid distributors having a perforated part, an additional baffle, deflector plates, and vertical support plates. The space between the lower and upper walls is sealed by means of battens.

A contactor for a heat and/or material exchange column includes an arrangement of two structured packings developing different geometric surface areas and having parallel principal directions. A heat exchange column, a floating structure including such a contactor, and the use of a column equipped with such a contactor are also disclosed.