Techniques are disclosed for systems and methods to provide accurate and reliable compact sonar systems for mobile structures. A sonar system includes multiple sensor channels, each comprising a sonar transmitter and a sonar receiver, and a logic device configured to provide control signals and receive sensor signals from the sensor channels. The logic device is configured to provide transmission signals to sonar transducer assemblies, where signal patterns of the transmission signals are differentiated based at least in part on frequency content. Acoustic returns are processed using the signal patterns to reduce inter-channel pickup between the sensor channels. Resulting sonar data and/or imagery may be displayed to a user and/or used to adjust a steering actuator, a propulsion system thrust, and/or other operational systems of the mobile structure.

Apparatus for controlling algae and bio-organisms in bodies of fluids, such as water. The algae control system includes a power unit and a transducer unit that includes a sonic head that radiates in multiple directions. The power unit connects to various power sources, including a mains supply connection, a solar panel array, and/or a battery. The power unit is electrically connected to the transducer unit. The sonic head includes a driver and a transducer subassembly. The driver excites the transducer assembly to emit ultrasonic waves at various frequencies with varying durations of on/off periods. Emissions at a high density of frequencies are enabled by the transducers. The frequencies include the critical structural resonant frequency for each microorganism to be controlled. The power unit and driver each include a processor in communication with each other. The processors store and execute a program for a selected application configuration.

A system for controlling damages in cleaning a semiconductor wafer comprising features of patterned structures, the system comprising: a wafer holder for temporary restraining a semiconductor wafer during a cleaning process; an inlet for delivering a cleaning liquid over a surface of the semiconductor wafer; a sonic generator configured to alternately operate at a first frequency and a first power level for a first predetermined period of time and at a second frequency and a second power level for a second predetermined period of time, to impart sonic energy to the cleaning liquid, the first predetermined period of time and the second predetermined period of time consecutively following one another; and a controller programmed to provide the cleaning parameters, wherein at least one of the cleaning parameters is determined such that a percentage of damaged features as a result of the imparting sonic energy is lower than a predetermined threshold.

Various embodiments are directed to a method of driving an end effector coupled to an ultrasonic drive system of a surgical instrument. The method comprises generating at least one electrical signal. The at least one electrical signal is monitored against a first set of logic conditions. A first response is triggered when the first set of logic conditions is met. A parameter is determined from the at least one electrical signal.

Panel structure includes a substrate, a piezoelectric material layer and a thin film transistor. The piezoelectric material layer is disposed under the substrate, in which the piezoelectric material layer is configured to generate human recognizable sound waves by vibrating at a human audible frequency in a first time interval, and the piezoelectric material layer is configured to generate ultrasonic waves by vibrating at an ultrasonic frequency in a second time interval. The piezoelectric material layer is used for recognizing human fingerprints when it vibrates at the ultrasonic frequency. The thin film transistor is positioned under and electrically connected to the piezoelectric material layer.

A system includes a needle, an actuator assembly and a generator. The needle is configured to be vibrated so as to emulsify a lens of an eye. The actuator assembly, includes a first actuator, a second actuator and a third actuator, which are distributed around a longitudinal axis of the needle and are configured to vibrate along the longitudinal axis in response to a first driving signal, a second driving signal and a third driving signal, respectively. The generator is configured to generate the first driving signal, the second driving signal and the third driving signal, so as to vibrate the needle in accordance with a predefined pattern.

The present invention discloses a method for effectively cleaning vias, trenches or recessed areas on a substrate using an ultra/mega sonic device, comprising: applying liquid into a space between a substrate and an ultra/mega sonic device; setting an ultra/mega sonic power supply at frequency f.sub.1 and power P.sub.1 to drive said ultra/mega sonic device; after the ratio of total bubbles volume to volume inside vias, trenches or recessed areas on the substrate increasing to a first set value, setting said ultra/mega sonic power supply at frequency f.sub.2 and power P.sub.2 to drive said ultra/mega sonic device; after the ratio of total bubbles volume to volume inside the vias, trenches or recessed areas reducing to a second set value, setting said ultra/mega sonic power supply at frequency f.sub.1 and power P.sub.1 again; repeating above steps till the substrate being cleaned.

Methods and apparatus for ultrasonic lens cleaner using configurable filter banks are disclosed. In certain described examples, the methods and apparatus can expel fluid from a droplet on an optical surface using an ultrasonic transducer mechanically coupled to the optical surface and having first and second resonant frequency bands.

Various embodiments are directed to a method of driving an end effector coupled to an ultrasonic drive system of a surgical instrument. The method comprises generating at least one electrical signal. The at least one electrical signal is monitored against a first set of logic conditions. A first response is triggered when the first set of logic conditions is met. A parameter is determined from the at least one electrical signal.

The disclosure relates to technology for haptic stimulation. A haptic stimulation device comprises a set of haptic stimulation elements. Each haptic stimulation element comprises a transducer configured to generate a pressure wave and an enclosure coupled to the transducer thereby forming a cavity bounded by the enclosure and the transducer. The haptic stimulation device comprises a controller configured to drive the transducers to generate a haptic stimulation pattern based on pressure waves in the cavities.