A battery module includes a first set of power contacts and a first set of signal contacts. A battery pack is operable to deliver electrical power to the set of power contacts. An electronic isolation system is operable to electrically disconnect and electrically connect the battery pack and the first set of power contacts. An electronic control system is operable to obtain a comparisons between a state of charge, state of health, temperature and power of the battery module and an electrical device. A closing parameter is calculated that is based on at least one of the comparisons. The closing parameter is compared to a predefined closing parameter value to result in a connect determination. The electronic isolation system connects or disconnects the battery pack to the first set of power contacts based on a positive or a negative result respectively of the connect determination.

A True Wireless System (TWS) headphone is provided, which comprises a charging case and one or two earbuds. The earbuds may be attached into the charging case by a two pogo pin connector. The earbuds can detect the different status of the battery in the charging case via the two pogo pin connector and can auto power on or off accordingly when taken out or put into the charging case.

A charging system for an aerosol-generating device includes a processor and a memory in communication with the processor and configured to store instructions is provided. The instructions define at least one of a disable mode, an intra-session mode, or an inter-session mode. The processor is configured to execute the instructions to cause the charging system to detect when the device is connected to a charging device; activate a power source charger in response to the connection to the charging device; identify a selected mode; enable or disable a heater of the capsule dependent upon the selected mode; if the heater is enabled, display a first display indicating the connection of the charging device; if the heater is enabled, detect if a session of the aerosol-generating device is ongoing; and if the session is ongoing, enable or suspend charging in response to the identification of the selected mode.

A device includes an AC impedance circuit to apply an AC excitation signal to a set of battery cells of a battery pack. The device includes a controller to determine a battery pack identification (ID) value from a battery pack identification (ID) circuit of the battery pack, calculate an impedance value of the battery pack based on the AC excitation signal, identify a maximum charging rate to charge the battery pack using the battery pack ID value of the battery pack and the impedance value of the battery pack, where the battery pack is one of at least two battery packs having a same battery pack ID value with different maximum charging rates, and set a charging rate to charge the battery pack using the maximum charging rate.

A battery voltage equalization device for an automotive battery formed from a plurality of batteries connected in series includes: a voltage measurement unit that measures respective battery voltages of the batteries; a current measurement unit that measures a charge-discharge current of the automotive battery; a cell balancing unit that equalizes the respective battery voltages of the batteries; and a control unit that performs a voltage equalization control through the cell balancing unit on the basis of the battery voltages measured by the voltage measurement unit. The control unit starts the voltage equalization control on the condition that the voltage equalization control is determined to be necessary on the basis of the respective battery voltages and that a discharge current of the automotive battery measured by the current measurement unit is determined to be stable.

This disclosure relates generally to an apparatus for organizing battery cells. The apparatus includes a block including: sleeves forming chambers, a first sheet configured to locate the sleeves, and a foam structure surrounding the sleeves. Each chamber is configured to accommodate a battery cell. The block is configured to: organize the battery cells into battery cell groups, separate each battery cell group from its adjacent battery cell groups using a thermally insulating material, and prevent gas from entering into each battery cell group from its adjacent battery cell groups. Each battery cell group includes a plurality of the battery cells, each of the battery cells in the battery cell group is adjacent to at least another of the battery cells in the battery cell group. Each battery cell group is adjacent to at least another battery cell group.

An uninterruptible power supply includes: a battery; an insertion node configured to, when the uninterruptible power supply is coupled to a connection apparatus connected to a first main power line and a second main power line, be electrically connected to the first main power line in the connection apparatus; a power switch configured to connect the connection apparatus and the battery; and a battery management system configured to measure a first voltage of the first main power line through the connection apparatus, turn ON the power switch when the measured first voltage is lower than a predetermined threshold value, measure a second voltage of the insertion node in the ON state of the power switch, and turn OFF the power switch when the measured second voltage is lower than a reference voltage.

A power adapter for an automotive vehicle maintenance device includes a power input connection and a power output connection the is configured to connect to the automotive vehicle maintenance device. The pawer adapter also included connection circuitry the is configured to connect the power input connection to the power output connection.

An on-board charger for an electric vehicle includes a vehicle port configured to be connected to an external charger comprising a first relay located on an internal first power supply path, a power converter, a second relay located on a second power supply path between the vehicle port and the power converter, and a controller configured to turn off the first relay and the second relay in response to triggering a vehicle-to-grid (V2G) protection operation based on power-related parameters.

Embodiments that provide advanced charging of energy source arrangements for energy storage applications are disclosed. The embodiments can be used within energy storage systems having a cascaded arrangement of converter modules. The embodiments can include the application of pulses to an energy source of each module of the system. The pulses can be applied for a duration sufficient to initiate an electrochemical reaction. Feedback based pulse control embodiments are also disclosed.