Embodiments that provide advanced charging of energy source arrangements for energy storage applications are disclosed. The embodiments can be used within energy storage systems having a cascaded arrangement of converter modules. The embodiments can include the application of pulses to an energy source of each module of the system. The pulses can be applied for a duration sufficient to initiate an electrochemical reaction. Feedback based pulse control embodiments are also disclosed.

A battery management system comprising: at least one battery comprising two or more sets of cells, each set of cells comprising one or more cells; a multiplexing switch apparatus connected to each set of cells; and at least one controller configured to use the multiplexing switch apparatus to selectively discharge the sets of cells based on at least one criterion. A battery pack comprising: at least one battery comprising two or more sets of cells, each set of cells comprising one or more cells; and an integrated switching control system comprising at least one switch connected to each set of cells, wherein the integrated switching control system is configured to control the at least one switch to discharge the sets of cells sequentially or selectively based on at least one criterion. A battery management method or a battery pack control method.

Methods and systems of monitoring and managing a facility including a plurality of end point devices. One system includes an end point device including an electronic processor, the electronic processor powered by an energy source local to the end point device. The electronic processor is configured to receive data from at least one electro-mechanical element of a fixture associated with the facility, the data related to an operation of the fixture. The electronic processor is also configured to convert the data pursuant to a networking protocol. The electronic processor is also configured to enable, over a network associated with the networking protocol, transmission of the converted data for virtual processing.

The object of the present invention is to achieve redundancy of a power supply function by a simple configuration, to ensure operational continuity in case of failure. A power grid (1) comprises: a first power supply path (20-1) that is connected to a main engine-driving power source (100-0) of a vehicle via a power conversion device (101) and to loads (40-1, 41, 42-1) ; and a second power supply path (20-2) that is connected to a power source (100-2) different from the main engine-driving power source (100-0), to loads (40-2, 41, 42-2), and to the first power supply path (20-1) via a switch SW0. The switch SW0 is closed when the first power supply path (20-1) and the second power supply path (20-2) are normal, and is opened when the first power supply path (20-1) or the second power supply path (20-2) is abnormal.

Various embodiments include systems and methods for balancing battery cycles of paired earbuds. A processor in an earbud charging case may receive battery level information from a first earbud operating in a deep sleep mode, determine a battery differential index (BDI) value, and send an instruction message to the first earbud indicating the first earbud should switch roles with a second earbud. An earbud may start a timer upon beginning to operate in a dormant mode, transition from operating in the dormant mode to operating in a non-dormant mode in response to expiration of the timer, send a message to a paired earbud indicating that the earbud has transitioned, and receive a message from the paired earbud indicating that the earbud should switch from operating in the dormant mode to operating in the deep sleep mode and periodically broadcasting an advertisement.

A battery control apparatus may include a power supply unit connected to a charging and discharging path of a battery, a driving unit configured to operate the power supply unit by applying a starting power to the power supply unit during a preset starting time from the charging and discharging path, a switching unit connected between the charging and discharging path of the battery and the power supply unit, and a control unit configured to turn on the switching unit in response to that a first operation power output from the power supply unit is applied, and to be driven through a second operation power generated by the power supply unit after the starting time.

A power conversion circuit is coupled to a motor and a wireless charging transmitter device. Power conversion circuit includes an inverter and a processor. Inverter includes three half-bridge circuits. Three half-bridge circuits are respectively coupled to a battery, motor and wireless charging transmitter device. Each of three half-bridge circuits includes two switches. Processor is coupled to switches of three half-bridge circuits and generates a plurality of control signals at a first stage to respectively control switches according to a first level of each of control signals, so that battery supplies power to motor. Processor adjusts first level of each of control signals to a second level during a second stage to turn off one of three half-bridge and to turn on switches of the other two of three half-bridge alternately so as to adjust a power supply of wireless charging transmitter device to charge battery to a target power.

A rechargeable battery system includes a battery packs, each including a rechargeable battery, power control units, each provided for one of the battery packs and each configured to adjust a voltage from the corresponding rechargeable battery, and an output terminal to which the voltage adjusted by each of the power control units is applied. The rechargeable battery system further includes a step-down converter configured to decrease the voltage from the rechargeable battery to a voltage lower than a voltage output from the output terminal, an auxiliary battery to which the voltage decreased by the step-down converter is applied, and an auxiliary device configured to be driven by the auxiliary battery.

An external battery includes a battery cell, a charging unit configured to generate a charging current with an external power supplied from a charger to an input terminal thereof and transfer the charging current to the battery cell, a main controller unit (MCU) configured to control charging of the battery cell by the charging current, and a switch unit between the charging unit and the battery cell, wherein, when the switch unit is in an on state, the MCU changes to an active mode and allows the charging current to be transferred to the battery cell, and when the switch unit is in an off state, entering by the MCU a sleep mode and cutting off the charging current transferred to the battery cell.

A battery device includes: a main processor to monitor a voltage of a battery in a wake-up state, and perform a protection operation of a battery pack depending on a monitoring result; and a sub-processor to monitor the voltage of the battery in a sleep state of the main processor, and generate a wake-up signal for waking up the main processor when an abnormality occurs in the voltage of the battery monitored by the sub-processor. The main processor is to be woken up by the wake-up signal, monitor the voltage of the battery, determine a current status of the battery pack depending on the voltage of the battery monitored by the main processor, and perform the protection operation depending on a determination result.