The present disclosure provides systems and methods for controlling an electrical system. The electrical system includes a plurality of backup power sources, such as an electric vehicle battery, a photovoltaic system, and an energy storage system. The electrical system includes a service panel electrically coupled to a plurality of electrical loads. The electrical system includes an energy control system electrically coupled to the plurality of backup power sources, the service panel, and a utility grid. The energy control system converts to a plurality of settings based on the number of available backup power sources. The energy control system determines the availability of the backup power sources according to a predetermined protocol such that one or more backup power sources are prioritized over other backup power sources.

In a wireless power transfer system, a power-transfer management unit includes a first controller that generates power transfer information. The power transfer information includes a first traveling speed for a predetermined route that includes (i) at least one selected power-transfer path segment or (ii) a combination of at least one selected non-power transfer path segment and the at least one selected power-transfer path segment. A mobile object, which travels at a second traveling speed on the at least one non-power transfer path segment, is controlled to travel at a first traveling speed on the at least one power-transfer path segment. The first controller calculates, as the first traveling speed, a third traveling speed required to charge a battery of the mobile object traveling on the route, and transmits the third traveling speed to the mobile object.

There are provided a battery management system, a battery pack, an electric vehicle and a battery management method. The battery management system includes a sensing unit sensor to detect a terminal voltage and a charge/discharge current of a battery having a characteristic that a voltage variation section changes depending on a current rate, a memory unit to storestoring a first Kalman filter using an equivalent circuit model and a state of charge (SOC)-open circuit voltage curve of the battery and a second Kalman filter using a constant current charge/discharge map of the battery, and a controllerl unit to determine a first estimated SOC by inputting a voltage value of the terminal voltage, a current value of the charge/discharge current and an estimated SOC in a previous cycle to the first Kalman filter, determine a second estimated SOC by inputting the current value and the estimated SOC in the previous cycle to the second Kalman filter.

A novel power storage system is provided. The power storage system includes a secondary battery, a current measuring circuit, a voltage measuring circuit, and a control circuit. The secondary battery includes a negative electrode. The negative electrode contains graphite and silicon. The current measuring circuit and the voltage measuring circuit are electrically connected to the control circuit. The control circuit has a function of starting charge of the secondary battery. The control circuit has a function of performing a first arithmetic operation of calculating a voltage differential value of the amount of electricity of charge current of the secondary battery with the use of a current value detected by the current measuring circuit and a voltage value detected by the voltage measuring circuit, and has a function of performing a second arithmetic operation of detecting an extremum of the voltage differential value. The control circuit has a function of stopping the charge after a predetermined time elapses since the extremum is detected through the second arithmetic operation.

An acquisition unit of a charging control system acquires battery data including at least one of a current flowing through a battery and a temperature of the battery when the battery is charged. A detector thereof detects an abnormal phenomenon of the battery based on at least one of a behavior of the current and a behavior of the temperature when the battery is charged. A charging current changer thereof changes a current rate when the battery is charged next time to a value obtained by multiplying (0<<1) by the current rate when the abnormal phenomenon of the battery is detected.

In a deterioration inhibition control system, a data obtainment unit obtains battery data including a voltage and an electric current of a secondary battery. A deterioration estimation unit estimates, based on the battery data of the secondary battery, a rate of decrease in an excess capacity of a positive electrode from an initial excess capacity to a current excess capacity of the positive electrode and a rate of decrease in an excess capacity of a negative electrode from an initial excess capacity to a current excess capacity of the negative electrode. When the rate of decrease in the excess capacity of the positive electrode is greater than the rate of decrease in the excess capacity of the negative electrode, a charging/discharging control unit switches charging/discharging control to charging/discharging control that prioritizes deterioration inhibition for the positive electrode, and when the rate of decrease in the excess capacity of the negative electrode is greater than the rate of decrease in the excess capacity of the positive electrode, the charging/discharging control unit switches the charging/discharging control to charging/discharging control that prioritizes deterioration inhibition for the negative electrode.

A system for an electric bicycle includes an energy storage device. The energy storage device includes a housing that is mountable to a frame of the electric bicycle, battery cells disposed within the housing, and output power terminals supported by the housing and electrically connectable to the battery cells. The energy storage device includes a processor and a first wireless communication device. The system includes a human/machine interface (HMI) electrically connected to the energy storage device via the output power terminals. The HMI includes a second wireless communication device. The processor is configured to change a mode of the energy storage device based on a signal received by the first wireless communication device from the second wireless communication device.

A power storage device includes a plurality of batteries connected in series, a cell balancing circuit configured to individually discharge the plurality of the batteries, and a controller configured to execute a cell balancing process in which operation of the cell balancing circuit is controlled so that at least one of cell balancing target batteries is discharged by a predetermined state of charge, the at least one of the cell balancing target batteries including the battery that is fully charged.

The present disclosure relates to computer-implemented method of operating a battery for providing frequency response to a power grid, the battery comprising a plurality of containers each configured to store electrical energy, the method comprising, for a given container: determining a container target response by dividing a system target response by the plurality of containers; determining a container capacity by dividing a battery capacity by the plurality of containers; determining a state-of-charge offset between an average state of charge across the plurality of containers and a state of charge of the given container; determining a response adjustment by multiplying the container capacity by the state-of-charge offset; and determining a response for the given container by adjusting the container target response by the response adjustment.

A battery management system includes a sensing unit to generate a sensing signal indicating a battery voltage and a battery current of a battery, a memory unit to store a charge map recording first to n.sup.th reference currents, first to n.sup.th reference voltage ranges, first to n.sup.th reference states of charge (SOCs) and first to n.sup.th reference voltage curves for multi-stage constant-current charging, and a control unit to command constant-current charging to a charging circuit using a k.sup.th reference current corresponding to a k.sup.th reference voltage range to which the battery voltage belongs, and update the charge map by comparing a k.sup.th measured voltage curve indicating a correlation between the battery voltage and the SOC of the battery over a charging period of the constant-current charging with a k.sup.th reference voltage curve in response to the battery voltage having reached an upper limit of the k.sup.th reference voltage range.