The present invention relates to the use of a fruit extract and optionally other specific nutrients for preventing, reducing or minimising exercise-induced systemic inflammation and/or for promoting recovery from intense exercise. The invention also relates to compositions comprising such fruit extracts.

The present invention relates to the use of a fruit extract and optionally other specific nutrients for preventing, reducing or minimising exercise-induced systemic inflammation and/or for promoting recovery from intense exercise. The invention also relates to compositions comprising such fruit extracts.

The present invention discloses oral isotonic compositions to provide hydration to mammals in need, characterized by no residual chlorine taste, comprising at least three members of a group consisting of steviol glycoside, citric acid monohydrate, glutamic acid, monosodium glutamate and glycine.

The present invention discloses oral isotonic compositions to provide hydration to mammals in need, characterized by no residual chlorine taste, comprising at least three members of a group consisting of steviol glycoside, citric acid monohydrate, glutamic acid, monosodium glutamate and glycine.

A composition that includes at least one target supplement and at least one rehydration formulation is described. When the at least one target supplement is ingested as part of the composition, the bioavailability of at least one target supplement is enhanced as compared to when it is ingested separate from the composition. The at least one target supplement is absorbed more quickly and in a greater amount when it is ingested as part of the composition than when it is ingested separate from the composition. The composition also hydrates a subject more quickly.

A composition that includes at least one target supplement and at least one rehydration formulation is described. When the at least one target supplement is ingested as part of the composition, the bioavailability of at least one target supplement is enhanced as compared to when it is ingested separate from the composition. The at least one target supplement is absorbed more quickly and in a greater amount when it is ingested as part of the composition than when it is ingested separate from the composition. The composition also hydrates a subject more quickly.

Provided are compositions and methods for increasing mitochondrial activity, increasing exercise performance, or combinations thereof. The compositions include one or more performance-enhancing components that increase ATP generation within the mitochondria leading to improved exercise performance, preventing athletic fatigue, such as sustaining energy levels and avoiding a subsequent energy level crash, or any combination thereof, when consumed by a subject.

Provided are compositions and methods for increasing mitochondrial activity, increasing exercise performance, or combinations thereof. The compositions include one or more performance-enhancing components that increase ATP generation within the mitochondria leading to improved exercise performance, preventing athletic fatigue, such as sustaining energy levels and avoiding a subsequent energy level crash, or any combination thereof, when consumed by a subject.

An energy composition includes a methylated xanthine, a choline derivative, and at least one flavorant in a sufficient amount to render the energy composition palatable. The energy composition may also include vitamins, amino acids, enzymes, preservatives, and the like.

An energy composition includes a methylated xanthine, a choline derivative, and at least one flavorant in a sufficient amount to render the energy composition palatable. The energy composition may also include vitamins, amino acids, enzymes, preservatives, and the like.