A screw for a plasticating apparatus has one or more helical flights. A portion of the screw has a plurality of advancing grooves arranged in a noncontinuous helix cut in the screw. The advancing grooves are dimensioned to receive material therein as the material is conveyed through the barrel. The screw has a plurality of noncontinuous cross-cut grooves traversing one or more of the advancing grooves. The cross-cut grooves have a second helix angle greater than the first helix angle and less than ninety degrees; and/or one or more of the cross-cut grooves have a third helix angle of about ninety degrees.

A screw for a plasticating apparatus has one or more helical flights. A portion of the screw has a plurality of advancing grooves arranged in a noncontinuous helix cut in the screw. The advancing grooves are dimensioned to receive material therein as the material is conveyed through the barrel. The screw has a plurality of noncontinuous cross-cut grooves traversing one or more of the advancing grooves. The cross-cut grooves have a second helix angle greater than the first helix angle and less than ninety degrees; and/or one or more of the cross-cut grooves have a third helix angle of about ninety degrees.

A co-rotating self-cleaning two-screw extruder with a gradual number of threads and through self-cleaning function, and a processing method using the same, are disclosed. The screw assembly in the extruder includes a first screw (3) and a second screw (4) that co-rotate at the same speed in engagement; the first screw (3) includes a first single threaded element, a first transition element, a multiple threaded element, a second transition element and a second single threaded element that are connected in sequence; and the second screw (4) includes a first single threaded element, a third transition element, a multiple threaded element, a fourth transition element and a second single threaded element that are connected in sequence. The materials are transferred by rotation of the first (3) and second screws (4), and get their respective compositions mixed based on the structure of a gradual number of threads; with the flow passage expanded, contracted and re-expanded in shape in sequence, the materials undergo the single-to-multiple threaded, multiple-to-single threaded and again single-to-multiple threaded chaotic mixing in sequence; and the first and second screws achieve the self-cleaning effect by wiping each other.

A co-rotating self-cleaning two-screw extruder with a gradual number of threads and through self-cleaning function, and a processing method using the same, are disclosed. The screw assembly in the extruder includes a first screw (3) and a second screw (4) that co-rotate at the same speed in engagement; the first screw (3) includes a first single threaded element, a first transition element, a multiple threaded element, a second transition element and a second single threaded element that are connected in sequence; and the second screw (4) includes a first single threaded element, a third transition element, a multiple threaded element, a fourth transition element and a second single threaded element that are connected in sequence. The materials are transferred by rotation of the first (3) and second screws (4), and get their respective compositions mixed based on the structure of a gradual number of threads; with the flow passage expanded, contracted and re-expanded in shape in sequence, the materials undergo the single-to-multiple threaded, multiple-to-single threaded and again single-to-multiple threaded chaotic mixing in sequence; and the first and second screws achieve the self-cleaning effect by wiping each other.

A method of continuously manufacturing a cured membrane includes continuously compounding and mixing a vulcanizable rubber composition in a mixing extruder while continuously removing gasses from the vulcanizable rubber composition during mixing with a vacuum. The vulcanizable rubber composition may be continuously extruded to form an extrudate, which may be continuously calendered to form a green membrane. The green membrane may be continuously cured, such as by a hot air conveyor curing system, to form a cured membrane.

A method of continuously manufacturing a cured membrane includes continuously compounding and mixing a vulcanizable rubber composition in a mixing extruder while continuously removing gasses from the vulcanizable rubber composition during mixing with a vacuum. The vulcanizable rubber composition may be continuously extruded to form an extrudate, which may be continuously calendered to form a green membrane. The green membrane may be continuously cured, such as by a hot air conveyor curing system, to form a cured membrane.

Methods are disclosed for the continuous treatment of biomass comprising a pretreatment step, wherein said biomass is contacted with a first supercritical, near-critical, or sub-critical fluid to form a solid matrix and a first liquid fraction; and a hydrolysis step, wherein said solid matrix formed in said pretreatment step is contacted with a second supercritical or near-supercritical fluid to produce a second liquid fraction and an insoluble lignin-containing fraction. Also disclosed are apparatuses for the continuous conversion of biomass comprising a pretreatment reactor and a hydrolysis reactor associated with said pretreatment reactor.

Screw elements, extrusion apparatus, and methods of manufacturing honeycomb bodies are described herein. A segment for a ceramic batch screw extruder machine has at least one pump and mix screw element. The pump and mix screw element has a pitch, a diameter, and a pitch to diameter ratio of 0.8 to 2.6.

A process for producing tyres including building a green tyre having two bead structures. Each bead structure includes a bead filler. The bead filler or another rigid component of the green tyre includes a final elastomeric compound produced by the following: feeding elastomeric polymer and reinforcement filler to a first batch mixing device; mixing and dispersing the reinforcement filler in the elastomeric polymer and unloading the obtained elastomeric compound; feeding the obtained elastomeric compound, along with at least 5 phr of reinforcement resin, to a continuous mixing device of intermeshing and co-rotating twin-screw or multi-screw type or of planetary type; mixing the reinforcement resin in the elastomeric compound and unloading the obtained elastomeric compound; and feeding the obtained elastomeric compound along with the components capable of facilitating the cross-linking to a second batch mixing device and mixing to obtain the final elastomeric compound. The first and second batch mixing device have two counterrotating rotors.

To provide a rubber extruder capable of efficiently removing volatile components in unvulcanized rubber without decreasing productivity of the unvulcanized rubber. The rubber extruder 1 is for extruding the unvulcanized rubber (G) while kneading. It includes a barrel 2 having an input port 5 for introducing the unvulcanized rubber (G) and a discharge port 6 for discharging the unvulcanized rubber (G), a screw 3, which is arranged in the barrel 2, for extruding the unvulcanized rubber (G), and a vent 4 for sucking out air in the barrel 2. The screw 3 has a dam portion 7 which locally controls an extrusion amount of the unvulcanized rubber (G), a first screw portion 8 defined between the input port 5 and the dam portion 7, and a second screw portion 9 defined between the dam portion 7 and the discharge port 6. An effective screw length (L1) of the first screw portion 8 is 50% or more of a total effective screw length (L) of the screw 3.