An improved a glazing unit extending along a plane, P, defined by a longitudinal axis, X, and a vertical axis, Z; having a width, DW, measured along the longitudinal axis, X, and a length, DL, measured along the vertical axis, Z, including, at least a first outer glass panel having a S11 surface and a S12 surface and a second inner glass panel having a S21 surface and a S22 surface combined together while maintaining the two glass panels at a certain distance between the surface S12 of the first outer glass panel and the surface S21 of the second inner glass sheet. The glazing unit further includes a housing able to accommodate a 4G and/or 5G communication device and has an opening arranged on the second inner glass panel, the housing having been placed in the opening.

A laminated glass includes first and second glass plates. First and second interlayers are arranged on the first and second glass plates, respectively. The first and second glass plates are arranged so as to have the first and second interlayers face each other. An enclosing layer is arranged between the first and second interlayers. The enclosing layer includes a functional member having a sidewall, and a dummy layer arranged on the sidewall, the functional member including one or more transparent layers. The functional member has a thickness of 200 μm at a maximum. The dummy layer is made of a thermoplastic resin. When denoting an average refractive index of the transparent layers included in the functional member as nA, and denoting a refractive index of the dummy layer as nB, a difference Δn of the refractive indices expressed by an absolute value |nA−nB| is 0.05 or less.

Various embodiments for configuring LC cells, LC panels, and methods of manufacturing LC panels are provided, comprising: various embodiments to increase the stiffness and/or rigidity of the LC cell, such that once it undergoes lamination processing to attach it to glass layers on either major surface of the LC cell, the LC cell will not undergo distortion/discontinuous cell gap when transformed into an LC panel.

Various embodiments for configuring LC cells, LC panels, and methods of manufacturing LC panels are provided, comprising: providing a first glass layer and a second glass layer; wherein the first glass layer has first and second surfaces and the second glass layer has first and second surfaces; and at least one of: surface polishing a surface of the first glass layer and second glass layer; and selectively positioning the first glass layer and second glass layer such that, after lamination, based on the positioning or polishing of the glass layers, the resulting LC panel is configured with uniform transmission.

The interlayer film for laminated glass of the present invention comprises a thermoplastic resin and has a shear storage elastic modulus at 30° C. of 1.5 MPa or less. According to the present invention, an interlayer film for laminated glass can be provided which can allow for sufficient suppression of warpage in a case where laminated glass is obtained by allowing inorganic glass and organic glass to adhere.

The resin composition of the present invention has a phase separation structure including a continuous phase of a thermoplastic resin A and a dispersion phase of a thermoplastic resin B, wherein the thermoplastic resin A and the thermoplastic resin B each have a glass transition temperature of −50° C. or more and 50° C. or less, an absolute value of a difference between glass transition temperatures Tg1 and Tg2, which are each in a range of −50° C. or more and 50° C. or less, is 17° C. or less, and a haze at 23° C. is less than 1.5%. The present invention can provide a resin composition excellent in transparency at low temperature, a resin film containing the resin composition, and a glass laminate including the resin film.

To suppress deterioration in a wiping property of wipers and increase in a load on the wipers. In glass for vehicles (1) including a light blocking region, a far-infrared ray transmission region is formed in the light blocking region, the far-infrared ray transmission region being provided with an opening (19) and a far-infrared ray transmission member (20) disposed in the opening (19), and the glass for vehicles (1) and the far-infrared ray transmission member (20) are bonded to each other with a frame member (30) interposed therebetween. Regarding the frame member (30), where a length of the longest straight line among straight lines each connecting optional two points on an inner circumference on a side facing the opening (19) in a surface on a vehicle exterior side is D, and a thickness of a portion projecting from a surface on the vehicle exterior side of the glass for vehicles (1) is t, D.sup.2/t is larger than 1250, and t is equal to or smaller than 2.5 mm.

To provide laminated glass that can significantly reduce air bubbles remaining inside.

Laminated glass having a first glass substrate and a second glass substrate laminated to each other, which has a first interlayer disposed between the first glass substrate and the second glass substrate and being in contact with the first glass substrate, a second interlayer disposed between the first glass substrate and the second glass substrate and being in contact with the second glass substrate, first and second functional members disposed between the first interlayer and the second interlayer and being in contact with the first interlayer and the second interlayer, wherein the first and second functional members have a higher rigidity than the first and second interlayers, and the first and second functional members are spaced apart from each other by a distance d when the laminated glass is viewed in plan view, and said distance d is at least 15 mm.

The present invention aims to provide an interlayer film for laminated glass which, while having recesses in the shape of engraved lines, enables the production of a laminated glass with high production efficiency by a nip roll method; a roll of the interlayer film for laminated glass; a laminated glass including the interlayer film for laminated glass; and a method of producing laminated glass. The present invention relates to an interlayer film for laminated glass. The interlayer film includes, on at least one surface thereof, a large number of recesses and a large number of projections. The recesses have a groove shape with a continuous bottom. The recesses are adjacently arranged regularly side by side in parallel with one another. The recesses in a groove shape with a continuous bottom are inclined 55° or less relative to the machine direction of the film in production of the interlayer film for laminated glass.

An optical element is provided which comprises a plurality of fluorophores disposed in a medium. The fluorophores have a quantum yield greater than 50% and an absorption spectrum with a maximum intensity at wavelengths less than 400 nm, and emit a spectrum of light having a maximum intensity at wavelengths within the range of 400 nm to 1200 nm. The optical element is at least partially transparent over the visible region of the spectrum. The optical element is especially useful as a window or other optical component of a greenhouse structure.