An electro-optic element includes a first electroactive film including a first electroactive component sequestered adjacent to a first electrically conductive layer and a second electroactive film including a second electroactive component sequestered adjacent to a second electrically conductive layer. At least one of the first electroactive film and the second electroactive film is capable of reversibly attenuating transmittance of light having a wavelength within a predetermined wavelength range. The first electroactive component can include a first oxidation state and at least a second oxidation state. An amount of the first electroactive component relative to the second electroactive component can be configured to limit formation of the second oxidation state of the first electroactive component.

The glass sheet composite of the present invention includes at least two sheets, a liquid layer held between two adjacent sheets of the at least two sheets, and a seal material disposed between the two sheets so as to seal up the liquid layer, in which at least one of the two sheets is a glass sheet, the glass sheet composite including a light-shielding part disposed so as to overlay a boundary between the liquid layer and the seal material when the glass sheet composite is viewed in a plan view. Because of this, the boundary can be concealed, and this not only results in an improvement in designability and a wider choice of materials for the liquid layer and the seal material.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a glass sheet composite which, when used in applications such as displays, attains preferred visibility. The glass sheet composite includes at least two sheets, a liquid layer held between two adjacent sheets of the at least two sheets, and a seal material provided to at least some of peripheries of the two sheets so as to seal up the liquid layer, in which at least one of the two sheets being a glass sheet, and the difference in photorefractive index between the liquid layer and the seal material being 0.015 or less.

A glass sheet composite includes a first glass sheet, a second sheet disposed opposite the first glass sheet, and a liquid layer formed by sealing up a liquid between the first glass sheet and the second sheet, in which the glass sheet composite has a plurality of vibration areas that are independent of each other in a plan view. The glass sheet composite is a diaphragm including at least one vibrator disposed on one side or both sides of the glass sheet composite. The glass sheet composite enables independent vibration at each of the vibration areas, and enables not only stereophonic or multiphonic reproduction but also local reproduction to be performed along with images. Since the diaphragm includes a vibrator, this diaphragm is excellent in sound reproduction.

A glass sheet composite includes: a first sheet member and a second sheet member; and an intermediate layer between the first sheet member and the second sheet member, in which at least one member selected from the group consisting of the first sheet member and the second sheet member is a glass sheet, each of the first sheet member and the second sheet member is a sheet including a curved surface portion including a convex side main surface protruding in the sheet thickness direction and a concave side main surface opposite to the convex side main surface, the concave side main surface of the first sheet member and the convex side main surface of the second sheet member are overlapped opposite to each other, and the concave side main surface has a radius of curvature smaller than that of the convex side main surface.

An electro-optic element includes a first electroactive film including a first electroactive component sequestered adjacent to a first electrically conductive layer and a second electroactive film including a second electroactive component sequestered adjacent to a second electrically conductive layer. At least one of the first electroactive film and the second electroactive film is capable of reversibly attenuating transmittance of light having a wavelength within a predetermined wavelength range. The first electroactive component can include a first oxidation state and at least a second oxidation state. An amount of the first electroactive component relative to the second electroactive component can be configured to limit formation of the second oxidation state of the first electroactive component.

A composite pane having an electrically controllable functional element that can be switched in segments, includes first and second panes joined to one another via an intermediate layer, and a functional element with a plurality of side edges embedded in the intermediate layer. The functional element includes, arranged flat one over another, a first surface electrode and a second surface electrode, between which an active layer is arranged flat. The first surface electrode is divided into multiple segments by a separating line. A group of first busbars electrically conductively contact the first surface electrode, and each segment of the first surface electrode is electrically conductively contacted by one busbar from the group of the first busbars. A second busbar electrically conductively contacts the second surface electrode.

A glass sheet composite having two or more glass sheets and a liquid layer between at least a pair of glass sheets out of the glass sheets, wherein a thickness of the liquid layer is 1/10 or less of a total thickness of the pair of glass sheets when a total thickness of the pair of glass sheets is 1 mm or less, and 100 ?m or less when the total thickness of the pair of glass sheets is more than 1 mm.

The present invention is a glass sheet composite in which the loss coefficient is 1?10.sup.?2 or more and the longitudinal wave acoustic velocity in the sheet thickness direction is 5.5?10.sup.3 m/s or more.

Methods, systems, apparatuses, and computer program products are provided for a backlight assembly for a display device. The backlight assembly includes a transparent waveguide layer, a plurality of light sources, and a tunable grating layer. The light sources are arranged along an edge of the waveguide layer. Each light source transmits light into the waveguide layer through the edge. The grating layer is coupled to the waveguide layer, and has multiple rows. Each row of the grating layer is segmented into a series of cells so the grating layer is sectioned into an array of cells. Each cell is independently controllable to either not extract incident light received from within the waveguide layer, or to extract the incident light for emission from the backlight assembly. In another configuration, the waveguide layer is not present, and the light sources transmit light directly into an edge of the grating layer.