A print nozzle assembly is presented for use in a printer. The print nozzle assembly may include: a printing pin; a wetting mechanism associated with the printing pin, and an ink retraction mechanism integrated into the wetting mechanism. The wetting mechanism includes an ink reservoir with an outlet arranged in close proximity to a tip of the printing pin. The ink retraction mechanism is configured to retract ink away from the outlet of the ink reservoir.

An arrayed electrohydrodynamic printhead without the extraction electrodes is provided. A printhead is formed by an ink cartridge, a flow channel plate, a nozzle plate, a control electrode layer. The ink cartridge includes an ink inlet, an ink outlet, an installation hole, a flow channel layer inlet, flow channel layer outlet. The flow channel plate has the functions of guiding the ink to flow into the nozzle plate and increasing the potential difference between the nozzles, and includes a flow channel inlet, a flow channel outlet, a drainage channel, and a microfluidic channel. A body of the nozzle plate includes nozzles and nozzle electrodes. The microfluidic channel forms a voltage division unit between each nozzle, so that the voltage on the triggered nozzle is dispersed in the flow channel without affecting other nozzles, and independent and controllable injection of each nozzle is thereby achieved.

An arrayed electrohydrodynamic printhead without the extraction electrodes is provided. A printhead is formed by an ink cartridge, a flow channel plate, a nozzle plate, a control electrode layer. The ink cartridge includes an ink inlet, an ink outlet, an installation hole, a flow channel layer inlet, flow channel layer outlet. The flow channel plate has the functions of guiding the ink to flow into the nozzle plate and increasing the potential difference between the nozzles, and includes a flow channel inlet, a flow channel outlet, a drainage channel, and a microfluidic channel. A body of the nozzle plate includes nozzles and nozzle electrodes. The microfluidic channel forms a voltage division unit between each nozzle, so that the voltage on the triggered nozzle is dispersed in the flow channel without affecting other nozzles, and independent and controllable injection of each nozzle is thereby achieved.

An apparatus and method configured to eject an electrically charged liquid. The apparatus and method include a liquid-ejecting apparatus including a reservoir for storing a liquid, an electrically conductive faceplate for ejecting the liquid, a plurality of channels connecting the reservoir to the electrically conductive faceplate, and a voltage source to change and maintain an electric potential difference between the liquid and the electrically conductive faceplate during ejection from the electrically conductive faceplate.

An integrated electrohydrodynamic jet printing and spatial atomic layer deposition system for conducting nanofabrication includes an electrohydrodynamic jet printing station that includes an E-jet printing nozzle, a spatial atomic layer deposition station that includes a zoned ALD precursor gas distributor that discharges linear zone-separated first and second ALD precursor gases, a heatable substrate plate supported on a motion actuator controllable to move the substrate plate in three dimensions, and a conveyor on which the motion actuator is supported. The conveyor is operative to move the motion actuator between the electrohydrodynamic jet printing station and the spatial atomic layer deposition station so that the substrate plate is conveyable between a printing window of the E-jet printing nozzle and a deposition window of the zoned ALD precursor gas distributor, respectively. A method of conducting area-selective atomic layer deposition is also disclosed.

An integrated electrohydrodynamic jet printing and spatial atomic layer deposition system for conducting nanofabrication includes an electrohydrodynamic jet printing station that includes an E-jet printing nozzle, a spatial atomic layer deposition station that includes a zoned ALD precursor gas distributor that discharges linear zone-separated first and second ALD precursor gases, a heatable substrate plate supported on a motion actuator controllable to move the substrate plate in three dimensions, and a conveyor on which the motion actuator is supported. The conveyor is operative to move the motion actuator between the electrohydrodynamic jet printing station and the spatial atomic layer deposition station so that the substrate plate is conveyable between a printing window of the E-jet printing nozzle and a deposition window of the zoned ALD precursor gas distributor, respectively. A method of conducting area-selective atomic layer deposition is also disclosed.

A printer is configured to provide a jet of extraction gas that extracts a printing fluid from a printing nozzle in the presence of an electrostatic field that accelerates the extracted printing fluid toward a printing substrate. The printer is also configured to selectively turn the electrostatic field and the jet of extraction gas off and on to enable printing in an aerosol mode, an e-assisted aerosol mode, or an e-jet mode. The jet of gas can be provided by a second nozzle concentric with the printing nozzle. A third nozzle can discharge a focusing gas around the aerosol.

A printer is configured to provide a jet of extraction gas that extracts a printing fluid from a printing nozzle in the presence of an electrostatic field that accelerates the extracted printing fluid toward a printing substrate. The printer is also configured to selectively turn the electrostatic field and the jet of extraction gas off and on to enable printing in an aerosol mode, an e-assisted aerosol mode, or an e-jet mode. The jet of gas can be provided by a second nozzle concentric with the printing nozzle. A third nozzle can discharge a focusing gas around the aerosol.

Disclosed is an electrohydrodynamic printing apparatus including: a nozzle configured to discharge liquid toward a substrate; a voltage applier configured to form an electric field between the nozzle and the substrate; and a laser beam emitter configured to emit a laser beam toward a position to which liquid is discharged on the substrate. Thus, it is possible to accurately and stably form a microscale deposition structure.

An ink-jet printer including a conveyor, a carriage, a recording head, a power supply, an ink receiver, a command receiver, and a controller, is provided. The controller executes the steps of: determining a discharge ink amount that should be discharged to the ink receiver; raising a drive voltage to a first voltage when the discharge ink amount is less than a first threshold value, and raising the drive voltage to a second voltage when the discharge ink amount is the first threshold value or more; performing a flushing process; based on the flushing process after having raised the drive voltage to the second voltage having finished in the case of having raised the drive voltage to the second voltage, stepping down the drive voltage from the second voltage to the first voltage; and based on the flushing process having finished and on the drive voltage being the first voltage, performing a printing process.