An ink-jet recording apparatus may include an ink-jet head having: individual connection flow channels through which ink can be discharged from pressure chambers; and a common flow channel at which ink from the individual connection flow channels merges, wherein when the ink is ejected, in a nozzle through which the maximum amount of ink per unit time is ejected, the relationship of (Fn/Fi)10 is satisfied, Fn representing the amount of ink ejected per unit time from the nozzle, and Fi representing the average flow rate of ink discharged per unit time from the individual connection flow channels, and the relationship of (Rc/Rt)10 is satisfied, Rc representing the flow channel resistance of the common flow channel, and Rt representing the synthetic resistance of the individual connection flow channels.

A liquid discharge head includes an actuator base, a case member, and a nozzle plate. The actuator base includes a plurality of grooves space from each other in a first direction. Each of the grooves extends in a second direction. The actuator base is formed of a piezoelectric ceramic material. The case member includes a frame portion spaced from the actuator base in the second direction. The frame portion has an end surface in the third direction that is level with an end surface of the actuator base in the third direction. The frame portion is formed of a ceramic material having aluminum titanate as a main component. The nozzle plate is contacting the end surface of the frame portion and the end surface of the actuator base.

A liquid discharge head includes a nozzle substrate and a cover member. The nozzle substrate includes a liquid discharge surface, a plurality of nozzles, and a continuous recess. The plurality of nozzles is arranged in a nozzle arrangement area on the liquid discharge surface and configured to discharge liquid from the liquid discharge surface. The continuous recess surrounds the nozzle arrangement area on the liquid discharge surface. The cover member is joined to the nozzle substrate with the nozzle arrangement area being exposed. The nozzle arrangement area has a liquid repellency with respect to the liquid. An inside of the recess is lyophilic to the liquid and is provided with an adhesive, and the nozzle substrate is joined to the cover member with the adhesive.

A microfluidic print head of a printer has a distal face, an injection channel, a suction channel, a groove, and a light source or an optical waveguide. The injection channel is configured to inject an ink onto a substrate and leads onto the distal face by an injection opening The suction channel is configured to suck up the ink and leads onto the distal face by a suction opening. The groove is defined on the distal face and into which the suction opening leads.

Disclosed is a liquid ejecting head including a flow passage forming section in which a pressure chamber which communicates with a nozzle ejecting liquid and a circulation liquid chamber which communicates with the pressure chamber to circulate the liquid are formed, a driving element that generates pressure change in the pressure chamber, a circuit board for driving the driving element, and a connecting terminal that electrically connects the driving element with the circuit board, in which the connecting terminal overlaps the circulation liquid chamber in a plan view.

An ink jet recording method includes an ink attachment step, in which an aqueous ink composition is ejected from a recording head and attached to a recording medium, and a treatment liquid attachment step, in which a treatment liquid containing a flocculant is ejected from a recording head and attached to the recording medium. The recording head for ejecting the treatment liquid has a circulation channel in which the treatment liquid is circulated.

A liquid discharge apparatus of the present disclosure includes an ink composition and a liquid discharge section including a nozzle for discharging the ink composition. The ink composition is a pigment textile printing ink composition containing resin particles, water, and an organic solvent. The resin particles have a glass transition temperature of 5 C. or less and are contained in an amount of 6.5 mass % or more based on the total amount of the ink composition. The ink composition contains a polyhydric alcohol having a boiling point of 270 C. or more as the organic solvent in an amount of 15.0 mass % or less based on the total amount of the ink composition. The liquid discharge section includes a pressure chamber and a circulation passage for circulating the ink composition in the pressure chamber.

A liquid ejecting head including a diaphragm constituting a portion of a wall surface of a pressure chamber that accommodates a liquid, and a piezoelectric element that vibrates the diaphragm. In the liquid ejecting head, the diaphragm includes a plurality of layers, and d/D0.25 is satisfied where D is a thickness of the diaphragm and d is a distance between a neutral axis of the diaphragm and an interface between two adjacent layers in which a tension difference is the largest in the plurality of layers.

A liquid droplet jetting head includes a channel structure having a jetting port-formed surface in which jetting ports are formed. The jetting port-formed surface includes a jetting port row formed from the jetting ports arranged in one direction and a first groove and a second groove extending in the one direction. A first end of the first groove and a first end of the second groove are positioned on outer edges of the jetting port-formed surface. A second end of the first groove is separated from a second end of the second groove, and the second end of the first groove and the second end of the second groove are positioned between jetting ports at both ends of the jetting port row, in the one direction. The first groove at least partially overlaps with the second groove in the one direction.

An integrated circuit device includes a terminal, a switch circuit, an amplifier circuit, a voltage boosting circuit, and a control circuit. The terminal is connected to a driving signal line of a driving circuit that drives an actuator of a liquid droplet ejection head. One end of the switch circuit is connected to the terminal. The amplifier circuit receives an output signal from the other end of the switch circuit, and amplifies an induced voltage of the actuator after the actuator having been driven. The voltage boosting circuit generates a boosted voltage for level-shifting a switching signal of the switch circuit based on the step-up clock signal.