A thermal head includes: an underglaze layer provided on an insulating substrate; an electrode provided on the underglaze layer; a heat generator provided on the electrode; a first protective layer containing a glass material and covering at least the heat generator; and a second protective layer provided on the first protective layer, having a melting point higher than that of the first protective layer, and made of a material whose thermal expansion coefficient at a temperature of 1000 C. or lower is substantially constant.

A liquid discharge head includes a recording element substrate. The recording element substrate includes a discharge aperture forming member defining a discharge aperture from which a liquid is discharged and a substrate having a pressure generating element that pressurizes the liquid so as to discharge the liquid. The liquid discharge head also includes a cover member that defines an opening through which the discharge aperture is exposed. The cover member is disposed on a side of the recording element substrate on which the discharge aperture is formed. In the liquid discharge head, the recording element substrate further includes an electrode disposed on a side of the substrate on which the discharge aperture forming member is formed and an insulation member that covers the electrode. In addition, the insulation member is covered by the cover member.

A thermal print head includes: a substrate having an obverse surface; a plurality of heat generators arranged on the substrate in a main scanning direction; and a wiring layer provided on the substrate and constituting an energization path to the heat generators. The substrate has a protrusion protruding from the obverse surface and extending in the main scanning direction. The protrusion has a top portion having the largest distance from the obverse surface, and an inclined portion connected to the top portion in a sub-scanning direction. The inclined portion is inclined relative to the obverse surface at a predetermined angle. Each of the plurality of heat generators extends across a boundary between the top portion and the inclined portion. Each of the heat generators is formed on at least a part of the top portion and at least a part of the inclined portion in the sub-scanning direction.

A thermal head X1 according to the present disclosure includes a substrate, a heat generator, an electrode, and a protective layer. The heat generator is positioned on the substrate. The electrode is positioned on the substrate and connected to the heat generator. The protective layer covers the heat generator and part of the electrode. The protective layer contains titanium and nitrogen. The protective layer satisfies P2>P1 where P1 is the peak intensity of X-ray diffraction of the (111) plane, and P2 is the peak intensity of X-ray diffraction of the (200) plane.

A thermal head includes: a head base body including a substrate and a plurality of heat generating sections disposed on the substrate; connection portions which are electrically connected to the head base; a connection member which is electrically connected to the connection portions; and a first cover member which covers the connection portions, the first cover member including a plurality of protruding portions provided on an upper surface of the first cover member at predetermined intervals in a main scanning direction.

A thermal head of the present disclosure includes a substrate, a heating part, an electrode, a protection layer, and a coating layer made of a resin material. The heating part is placed on or above the substrate. The electrode is placed on or above the substrate and connected to the heating part. The protection layer is placed on or above the heating part and the electrode. The coating layer is placed on or above the electrode and the protection layer. The protection layer includes a recessed part that is opened on an upper surface and that extends along a thickness direction of the protection layer. The recessed part includes an inner wall having a plurality of recesses and projections, and the resin material is disposed inside the recessed part.

A thermal print head includes: a substrate having an obverse surface; a plurality of heat generators arranged on the substrate in a main scanning direction; and a wiring layer provided on the substrate and constituting an energization path to the heat generators. The substrate has a protrusion protruding from the obverse surface and extending in the main scanning direction. The protrusion has a top portion having the largest distance from the obverse surface, and an inclined portion connected to the top portion in a sub-scanning direction. The inclined portion is inclined relative to the obverse surface at a predetermined angle. Each of the plurality of heat generators extends across a boundary between the top portion and the inclined portion. Each of the heat generators is formed on at least a part of the top portion and at least a part of the inclined portion in the sub-scanning direction.

A thermal head according to the present disclosure includes: a substrate; a first electrode; a heat generating section; a second electrode; a resin layer; and a protective layer. The first electrode is located on the substrate. The heat generating section is located on the substrate. The second electrode is located on the substrate so as to be electrically connected to the heat generating section and the first electrode. The resin layer is located on the first electrode. The protective layer is located on the resin layer. Moreover, the resin layer includes a first portion inserted in the first electrode.

A thermal head according to the present disclosure includes a substrate, a plurality of heat generating portions, a plurality of first electrodes, and a second electrode. The plurality of heat generating portions are located on the substrate. The plurality of first electrodes are located on the substrate and respectively connected to the plurality of heat generating portions. The second electrode is located on the substrate and is located across the plurality of first electrodes. The second electrode includes protruding portions protruding in a first direction from the second electrode toward corresponding ones of the first electrodes and being in contact with the corresponding ones of the first electrodes.

An electronic device includes a switching element, a first common-electrode wiring, at least a part of the first common-electrode wiring being covered with the switching element, a plurality of second common-electrode wirings branched from the part of the first common-electrode wiring covered with the switching element, a plurality of individual power-output terminals arranged in a row in the switching element, and a plurality of individual-electrode wirings arranged in a row, the plurality of individual-electrode wirings being connected to the plurality of individual power-output terminals, respectively. Each of the plurality of second common-electrode wirings is disposed between the plurality of individual-electrode wirings.