The present invention comprises a method for selecting lactic acid bacterial strains effective for preventing bone loss in humans and strains that have been selected according to the presented method. The selection method is based on the strains capability of reestablishing an altered microbial community to normal and/or harboring at least one of four specific SNPs.

Isolated Lactobacillus strains are useful in preventing or delaying the development of Type 1 Diabetes (T1D). A probiotic composition comprising the Lactobacillus strains and use of the composition in T1D prevention are provided.

Isolated Lactobacillus strains are useful in preventing or delaying the development of Type 1 Diabetes (T1D). A probiotic composition comprising the Lactobacillus strains and use of the composition in T1D prevention are provided.

A sweetener composition comprising xylose, a sugar alcohol and brown seaweed extract in solid form, preferably powdered or crystalline form. The sugar alcohol is preferably an erythritol and the brown seaweed extract is preferably obtained from Laminaria japonica. The sweetener composition can further comprise one or a combination of additional vitamins, minerals, probiotic cultures, and other plant-based extracts.

Provided is a strain CCFM8631 of Lactobacillus reuteri and use thereof. The strain CCFM8631 of Lactobacillus reuteri can significantly increase neurotransmitter 5-hydroxytryptamine level in peripheral blood, recover the hormone levels, for example testosterone and so on in peripheral blood of rat, normalize abnormal abundances of Blautia genus and Turicibacter genus, Oscillospira genus and Bifidobacterium genus in intestinal flora of rat affected by high-fat high-starch diet, show good tolerance to simulated gastrointestinal fluid and quickly colonize in intestinal, significantly improve pathological damages of tissues such as liver, duodenum and so on, and increase triglyceride and total cholesterol levels in serum and oral glucose tolerance of rat with metabolic syndrome caused by high-fat high-starch diet. The strain CCFM8631 of Lactobacillus reuteri can be used for preventing, relieving or treating metabolic disorder, such as metabolic syndrome, irritable bowel syndrome and mental diseases related to metabolic syndrome such as anxiety, depression and so on.

The application discloses Lactobacillus strains having a beneficial effect on the metabolic health on a mammalian subject. Further disclosed is compositions comprising such strains and the use thereof for improving the metabolic health or for lowering the blood glucose level in a mammalian subject.

The application discloses Lactobacillus strains having a beneficial effect on the metabolic health on a mammalian subject. Further disclosed is compositions comprising such strains and the use thereof for improving the metabolic health or for lowering the blood glucose level in a mammalian subject.

Described herein are methods and compositions for using microbial agents (probiotics) and agents that promote growth of certain microbes (prebiotics) for management (including prevention and treatment) of musculoskeletal disorders, including osteoporosis, osteopenia, Paget's disease, stunting, osteoarthritis, osteomyelitis, and delayed or non-union fractures.

Embodiments of the disclosure concern methods and compositions related to manipulation of the microbiome in an individual having at least one social behavior deficit. In particular embodiments, an individual has at least one social behavior deficit and was born from a mother who during pregnancy was obese, overweight, or on a high-fat diet during pregnancy or carries mutations associated with neurodevelopmental disorders. In specific embodiments, the individual having at least one social behavior deficit is provided an effective amount of Lactobacillus reuteri for the improvement of at least one symptom of a social behavior deficit.

The inventions described herein relate generally to digestive healthcare, and more particularly, to the feeding of mammals, particularly human infants, who are making a transition from a microbiome with lower diversity to a microbiome with higher diversity. These inventions relate to certain foods comprising a fermentable nutritional component and a probiotic component, where the probiotic component is selected, based on genetic and/or metabolic criteria, to specifically metabolize any Free Sugar Monomers (FSMs) and Free Amino Acids (FAAs) or peptides that accumulate as a result of the fermentable nutritional component in the lower intestine, where they otherwise might be left in the environment to be fermented and metabolized by less adapted/opportunistic bacteria, creating blooms of deleterious intestinal bacteria and shifting the microbiome to a potentially dysbiotic state. The present inventions provide combinations of foods and probiotic bacteria that can protect the mammalian gut from blooms of pathogenic bacteria under the circumstances where the mammalian gut is starting out with a low microbial diversity, such as in weaning infants, or individuals who are post-antibiotic treatment and/or post-chemotherapeutic treatment and transitioning to a higher diversity adapted/stable microbiome.