The present disclosure relates to compositions, methods and systems for the prophylaxis and treatment of honey bees (e.g, Apis mellifera) to protect and/or treat certain diseases, disorders and conditions, e.g., Colony Collapse Disorder and American foulbrood. The present disclosure comprises probiotic compositions, and methods of use thereof, for administration to honey bees for the purposes of treating or preventing disease.

Provided is a composition for preventing or treating a metabolic disease or muscle disease, which includes vesicles derived from bacteria of the genus Lactobacillus. Confirmed, when vesicles derived from bacteria of the genus Lactobacillus were administered into an animal model with a metabolic disease caused by a high fat, the vesicles effectively inhibit metabolic diseases caused by a high fat diet, and increase homeostasis to metabolic stress by activating AMPK signaling in myocytes, and therefore, the vesicles derived from bacteria of the genus Lactobacillus according to the presently claimed subject matter can be effectively used in development of pharmaceuticals or health functional foods for preventing, improving symptoms or treating metabolic diseases such as obesity and muscle diseases.

The present disclosure relates generally to compositions for a dietary supplement, a food supplement, and/or a nutritional supplement, useful in the generation of butyrate in the gastrointestinal track or gut of a mammal for effecting and improving health and wellness. The present disclosure also relates to the use of a dietary supplement provided in a therapeutically effective amount as a replacement for probiotics and prebiotic usage. Additionally, the present disclosure relates to a dietary supplement composition including a low therapeutic dose of tributyrin either alone, or in combination with prebiotics and/or probiotics to enhance health and wellness. Furthermore, the present disclosure also relates to a low dose dietary supplement composition which generates therapeutic amounts of butyrate in the gut of a mammal independent of the state of the microbiome to achieve desired health benefits of butyrate.

A process for preparing a beverage or beverage component can have the following steps. Providing brewer's spent grain occurs. Then, performing a saccharification by enzymatic treatment of the brewer's spent grain and a fermentation of the saccharified brewer's spent grain with lactic acid bacteria and/or acetic acid bacteria and/or probiotics obtains a fermented broth. Filtering the fermented broth and collecting the permeate obtains the beverage or beverage component. Homogenizing the fermented broth is performed to obtain the beverage or beverage component.

Provided are nutritional compositions containing dietary butyrate. Further disclosed are methods for reducing the incidence of obesity and metabolic syndrome in a target subject via administering the nutritional composition containing dietary butyrate to the target subject. Further provided are methods for improving adipose tissue functioning in a target subject.

Provided are nutritional compositions containing dietary butyrate. Further disclosed are methods for reducing the incidence of obesity and metabolic syndrome in a target subject via administering the nutritional composition containing dietary butyrate to the target subject. Further provided are methods for improving adipose tissue functioning in a target subject.

The present invention relates to heat-killed Lactobacillus rhamnosus conjugated to a polysaccharide polymer binder, a preparation method therefor and a use thereof. The heat-killed Lactobacillus rhamnosus conjugated to a polysaccharide polymer binder of the present invention has an excellent therapeutic effect for atopic diseases, and particularly has high industrial applicability because membrane adhesion competitiveness, which is an advantage of existing lactic acid bacteria, is significantly improved, thereby exhibiting dermatitis preventing, alleviating and treating effects of the same level as steroid-based drugs.

Provided is a method for producing fermented blood sausage having high antioxidant activity, comprising (1) preparing hemoglobin antioxidant peptide through Plastein reaction; (2) brining and primarily fermenting livestock or poultry meat; (3) deodoring and breaking livestock or poultry blood; (4) filling and secondary fermentation; (5) obtaining a finished product after drying. Compared with prior arts, the present disclosure uses Plastein reaction of blood to prepare a highly active antioxidant peptide, the fermented blood sausage has a total antioxidant capacity up to 6.89 U/mg protein, with an increase rate of 58%. The blood was deodorized, and total amount of free amino acids in secondary fermentation by lactic acid bacteria in combination with yeasts reached 12.74 mg/g, with an increase rate of 42%, providing the fermented blood sausage with better flavor and chewiness. The present disclosure also provides a new approach to comprehensive utilization of livestock or poultry blood resources.

The invention discloses a composition comprising an oligosaccharide mixture, said oligosaccharide mixture comprising from 40 to 80 wt % of fucosylated oligosaccharide(s), from 10 to 50 wt % of N-acetylated oligosaccharide(s), from 5 to 40 wt % of sialylated oligosaccharide(s) and from 0 to 20 wt % of precursor(s) of human milk oligosaccharide, for use in preventing and/or in treating necrotizing enterocolitis in infants and young children.

A method for producing a cheese with reduced amount of galactose comprising inoculating milk with Streptococcus thermophilus Gal(+) bacteria and Lactobacillus Gal(+) Lac(−) bacteria.