Processes that produce microorganisms that can be incorporated into microbial-based products that result in high viable cell yields and shelf-stable products. Among other things, these microbial-based products inhibit pathogenic growth. In one application, the microbial-based products take the form of a supplement. In another application, the microbial-based products take the form of a food additive. When used as a supplement or food additive for animals, and in particular for cattle, the following benefits are noted: (i) increased weight gain-to-feed intake ratio (feed efficiency), (ii) improved average daily weight gain, (iii) improved milk yield, and (vi) improved milk composition by dairy cows. Both Lactobacillus strains MB101 having ATCC Accession Number PTA-121710 and MB102 having ATCC Accession Number PTA-121711 are particularly affective at producing these results, and the effects of which can be enhanced by Propionibacterium.

The invention provides a Probiotic microcapsule and a preparation method thereof, relating to the technical field of Probiotic products. The method includes the following steps: (a) preparing a capsule core containing Probiotics: mixing the capsule core materials including Probiotic powder, microcrystalline cellulose and starch, then adding a hydroxypropyl methylcellulose solution thereinto, while mixing evenly, making the obtained mixture materials into spherical particulate capsule cores by the extrusion spherization method; (b) coating by atomization: coating the microcapsule cores with a coating material solution in a single layer or multiple layers by atomization, getting core-shell microcapsules. The Probiotic microcapsules prepared by the present invention have a large encapsulation, uniform microcapsule particles, controllable particle size, storage-resistance, targetability to intestinal tracts, resistance to gastric acids and high temperature stability.

A composition for promoting defecation includes a cell culture of at least one lactic acid bacterial strain which is substantially free of cells. The least one lactic acid bacterial strain is selected from the group consisting of Lactobacillus salivarius subsp. salicinius AP-32, Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis CP-9, and Lactobacillus acidophilus TYCA06, which are respectively deposited at the Bioresource Collection and Research Center (BCRC) under accession numbers BCRC 910437, BCRC 910645 and BCRC 910813. Also disclosed is a method for promoting defecation, including administering to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of the composition.

The present invention relates to Lactobacillus salivarius CJLS1511, a composition for animal feed additives comprising the same or its inactivated bacterial cells, and a method for preparing the inactivated bacterial cells.

Inorganic anions nitrate and nitrite influence metabolic rate and glucose homeostasis. Infusion of nitrite iv caused an acute drop in resting energy expenditure (oxygen consumption) and nitrate, when given perorally, caused a reduction in oxygen consumption during exercise and a depression of the increase in blood glucose observed after an oral glucose tolerance test. The doses of nitrate and nitrite did not cause any detectable change in methemoglobin levels of blood. Also, nitrate and nitrite did not alter lactate levels in blood. This discovery provides useful treatments to regulate the energy expenditure and glucose homeostasis of a mammal by administration of inorganic nitrite and/or nitrate.

Inorganic anions nitrate and nitrite influence metabolic rate and glucose homeostasis. Infusion of nitrite iv caused an acute drop in resting energy expenditure (oxygen consumption) and nitrate, when given perorally, caused a reduction in oxygen consumption during exercise and a depression of the increase in blood glucose observed after an oral glucose tolerance test. The doses of nitrate and nitrite did not cause any detectable change in methemoglobin levels of blood. Also, nitrate and nitrite did not alter lactate levels in blood. This discovery provides useful treatments to regulate the energy expenditure and glucose homeostasis of a mammal by administration of inorganic nitrite and/or nitrate.

Processes for producing a nutritional supplement that contains sulforaphane, and supplements formed thereby. Such a process includes combining a cruciferous vegetable, for example, broccoli sprouts, with strains of Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, and Streptococcus to form a mixture, causing the mixture to undergo lactic acid fermentation, transform a glucosinolate within the cruciferous vegetable to sulforaphane, and yield a fermented mixture that contains sulforaphane, and then producing from the fermented mixture a supplement that can be ingested by an individual.

A method of manufacturing an E. coli inhibiting composition that includes live Lactobacillus animalis and/or live Lactobacillus acidophilus bacterial cells. The composition can be ingested to prevent E. coli in animals, or applied as a surface treatment on things, including food items. The manufacturing method includes inoculating a bacterial fermentation medium with live Lactobacillus cells and harvesting live Lactobacillus cells at least partially between mid-log and late-log phase of growth. The harvesting of live Lactobacillus cells can occur at least partially during early-log, mid-log and late-log phase of growth. Prior to harvesting, the cell count of live Lactobacillus cells can be required to be at least 110.sup.6 cells/ml, after which the live Lactobacillus live cell count can be concentrated to at least 510.sup.9 cells/ml. For stability and shelf-life, optionally, the Lactobacillus can be harvested when the live cells are substantially round or spherically shaped, and before the cells grow to an elongate shape.

The present invention provides a method and composition for ameliorating or reducing the symptoms and signs and for the treatment of obesity, diabetes, and related conditions in a mammal in need thereof, said method comprising administering effective amounts of a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising a mixture of probiotic microorganisms with distinct but complementary pathways of carbohydrate metabolism, for a time sufficient to ameliorate, reduce or treat at least one sign or symptom of obesity, diabetes or cardiovascular disease. Compositions having the desired properties, and methods for their use in pharmaceutical and nutritional formulations, are provided.

The present invention provides a method and composition for ameliorating or reducing the symptoms and signs and for the treatment of obesity, diabetes, and related conditions in a mammal in need thereof, said method comprising administering effective amounts of a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising a mixture of probiotic microorganisms with distinct but complementary pathways of carbohydrate metabolism, for a time sufficient to ameliorate, reduce or treat at least one sign or symptom of obesity, diabetes or cardiovascular disease. Compositions having the desired properties, and methods for their use in pharmaceutical and nutritional formulations, are provided.