Fixed systems and method for extinguishing large scale industrial tank fires, with and without fixed roofs, and featuring aerated foam projecting nozzles and including fixed center directed nozzles. The invention includes two connected nozzles, which project aerated foam of between in substantially focused streams and in roughly opposing directions. The two nozzles have a stream shaper in a tip portion of the nozzle with fins which terminate substantially flush with a nozzle tip solid bore discharge orifice. The two nozzles preferably are attached proximally downstream of and in fluid communication with at least one ambient air aeration chamber structure in combination with the two nozzles to produce aerated foam. A third nozzle of the fixed system is structured to discharge in a direction of within 30 of a perpendicular to the discharge axis defined by the two nozzles discharging in the roughly opposing directions.

A dispenser system for providing variable carbonation can include a carbonated water source in communication with a carbonated water valve for controlling flow of carbonated water through the dispenser system; a still water source in communication with a still water valve for controlling flow of still water through the dispenser system; a nozzle in fluid communication with the carbonated water source and still water source; a processing device adapted to modulate the carbonated water and still water valves within a modulate cycle to achieve a ratio of carbonated to non-carbonated water; and a pour mechanism adapted to provide an input to the processing device to dispense the beverage.

A beverage dispensing assembly for preparing and dispensing a beverage has a source of pressurized base liquid containing dissolved CO.sub.2, N.sub.2 or N.sub.2O and a gas pressure of at least 0.5 bar overpressure at 2 C. A beverage unit with a liquid flow path has a liquid inlet at one end in fluid communication with the base liquid in the base liquid source and a beverage outlet at an opposite end. An ingredient container receiving slot has an ingredient container installed so the contents are in fluid communication with the liquid flow path for mixing the contents with a base liquid in the liquid flow path. A gas pressure regulation unit has a pressure chamber in the liquid flow path downstream of the communication between the liquid flow path and the ingredient container contents. A gas ingredient inlet is in fluid communication with the pressure chamber.

A programmable carbonated beverage preparation system and related method of use. The system includes a gas source containing carbon dioxide fluidly coupled to a carbonation chamber. The chamber holds an inventory of chilled water with its level controlled by a level sensor and pump fluidly coupled to a water source through a cold block in one embodiment. The chamber may be formed within the cold block which includes parallel coolant and chilled water passageways for chilling water from the water source. A regulator reduces gas pressure from the source which then partially fills the chamber. When a user selects a beverage size via the controller, the system dispenses carbonated water until a preprogrammed setpoint pressure ratio is reach which is indicative of a volume of carbonated water dispensed corresponding to the selected beverage size. Initial moles of gas in the chamber need not be known for performing the process.

The invention relates to a metering device for adjusting and/or controlling a gas flow, characterised in that the metering device comprises an electrically controllable valve, wherein the gas flow through the metering device can be adjusted and/or controlled by means of the electrically controllable valve,wherein the metering device has a pressure sensor, wherein a gas pressure difference across a gas-outlet opening in the metering device can be measured by means of the pressure sensor, wherein the electrically controllable valve can be adjusted according to the measured gas pressure difference; and/orwherein the metering device comprises an adjustable pressure-control device, wherein a maximum gas pressure difference between an inlet region of the metering device and an outlet region of the metering device can be set by means of the adjustable pressure-control device, wherein the gas flow through the metering device, which gas flow can be adjusted by means of the electrically controllable valve, is limited by the maximum gas pressure difference between the inlet region of the metering device and the outlet region of the metering device which is set by means of the adjustable pressure-control device.

Examples disclosed herein relate to conduits, devices, systems and methods, which may include a dispensing device including a valve configured to interact with an inlet stream, the inlet stream having a first pressure, the valve having an outlet area with an outlet stream, the outlet stream having a second pressure; and a solenoid configured to interact with the outlet stream.

Examples disclosed herein relate to conduits, devices, systems and methods, which may include a hollow element including an inner surface and an outer surface which allows for a passage of one or more of one or more fluid elements and one or more gaseous elements, a constraining element with one or more openings and one or more non-open elements, one or more blocking elements configured to stop the passage of the at least one of the one or more fluid elements and the one or more gaseous elements when the one or more blocking elements are in a first position relative to the one or more openings, and a movement device configured to move the one or more blocking elements to a second position relative to the one or more openings which allows for the passage of the one or more fluid elements and the one gaseous elements through the one or more openings in the constraining element.

Examples disclosed herein relate to conduits, devices, systems and methods, which may include a dispensing device including a valve configured to interact with an inlet stream, the inlet stream having a first pressure, the valve having an outlet area with an outlet stream, the outlet stream having a second pressure; and a solenoid configured to interact with the outlet stream.