Systems, devices, and methods for manufacturing nanobubbles are disclosed herein. In an embodiment, a nanobubble generator system includes a medium, wherein in the medium is a liquid medium or a semi-liquid medium. A device is immersed in the medium. The device includes a ceramic membrane having a first surface and an opposing second surface, and pores extending through the membrane from the first surface to the second surface, and a hydrophobic porous coating layer disposed on the first surface of the membrane. The system includes a gas source for providing a gas to the medium. In operation, the gas enters pores on the second surface of the membrane and exits the coating layer in the form of nanobubbles.

An adhesive-air infuser comprises a hollow body through which adhesive and air flow. The air is directed into the hollow body at an upstream end of the hollow body through an air nozzle positioned within the hollow body, and the adhesive is directed into the hollow body at the upstream end of the hollow body such that the adhesive flows around at least a portion of the air nozzle as the adhesive flows through the hollow body. The adhesive and air are directed by adhesive supply pressure and air supply pressure to flow through the hollow body toward an output port. In various embodiments, adhesive and air flow along a tortuous path that causes the air to mix into the adhesive to form an adhesive-air solution having a density less than the adhesive supplied to the upstream end of the hollow body.

An apparatus and method for delivering oxygen, oxygen enriched air, or air through a delivery system from one vessel containing a higher pressure concentration of the gas into another vessel containing a liquid at atmospheric pressure introduced through a diffuser or dispersion nozzle including one or more passages in a controlled regulated manner. This process and apparatus provide the liquid with an oxygenation level for improved flavor in a short amount of time.

A water aeration system (10) encases an air pump (60) and a solar power controller (62) in an encasement structure (34) with one or more air permeable sidewalls (42; 44). The encasement structure is mounted at or near a top end of a mounting pole (32). A solar panel (50) is mounted directly or indirectly to the encasement or to the mounting pole at or near the top end of the mounting pole, optionally with screens (80, 82, 84, 86) connected to the backside of the solar panel. An air conduit (20) is threaded through a hollow channel in the mounting pole or structure associated therewith, and then underground and/or under water for joining to an immersed diffuser (12). The system is protected from tampering where the air pump and controller are inside the encasement structure, the solar panel and encasement structure are mounted several feet above the ground surface, the underside of the solar panel is shielded by protective screens, and the conduit between the pump and the diffuser is held inside the mounting pole or structure associated therewith.

In a method of carbonating a beverage using a carbon dioxide diffusing stone, temperature is measured in a flow of that beverage immediately before the flow changes from laminar to effervescent, thereby obtaining a true temperature at which carbon dioxide is diffused into the beverage. In another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a portable controller having connectors joinable to a gas pressure regulator of a gas cylinder and to any one of several beverage carbonation containers. The portable controller has instruments therein for controlling a flow of carbon dioxide gas to the beverage in any one of the containers and for controlling a pressure gradient of the carbon dioxide gas in the beverage over a period of time. There is also provided an elongated carbon dioxide diffusing stone assembly having an elongated temperature probe well extending parallel to and immediately below a diffusing stone.

An apparatus for generating fine-bubble-containing liquid is provided with: a plurality of bubble generating tubes each having a tubular shape extending in the longitudinal direction, each tube being configured such that at least a middle portion between one end and the other end of each tube is composed of porous ceramics to inject bubbles into a liquid that contacts the middle portion; a one-side support member that supports the one end of each of the bubble generating tubes; an other-side support member that supports the other end of each of the bubble generating tubes; and an interval keeping member that maintains the interval between the one-side support member and the other-side support member.

An aeration element for gasification or aeration of liquids includes an essentially flattened, rigid support element having a substantially oval cross-section and corrugated outer surfaces, the corrugated outer surfaces including ridges defining grooves therebetween; a threaded opening for receiving a cooperating fitting for connection to an air supply; and a flexible membrane of elastomeric material disposed around the support element. An assembly bracket includes upper and portions that can be cooperatingly attached to one another about the aeration element for securing the aeration element to a floor of a tank or pool. The assembly bracket includes through-going passages for enabling water to circulate around the bracket and reduce buoyancy of the assembly. Two aeration elements of shorter lengths can be positioned adjacent two one another, secured within assembly brackets, and connected at adjacent ends, so that one of the aeration elements functions as a conduit to the other aeration element when air is supplied into one of the aeration elements.

The systems and methods disclosed herein provide for the efficient generation of fine bubbles. In particular, systems and methods for use in bioreactors are disclosed herein providing a superior means to produce useful fermentation products by the biological fermentation of fine bubble waste substrates injected into a liquid broth containing a microorganism culture.

A washing machine according to the present invention comprises: a cabinet which forms an outer shape; a tub which is disposed inside of the cabinet, and in which washing water is stored; a pump which circulates the washing water stored in the tub; a circulating nozzle which sprays, into the inside of the tub, the washing water supplied from the pump; a circulating hose which connects the pump to the tub, and guides the circulated washing water to the circulating nozzle; and an atomizing unit which is disposed on the circulating hose, and atomizes the circulated washing water by mixing air. The washing machine according to the present invention supplies, into the inside of the tub through an air mixer, washing water in which air is included, and thus has an advantage of reducing the total flow rate of the used washing water.

A bottled water dispenser is disclosed that includes a water bottle, a cold tank, and an ozone generator, which is fluidly coupled to a Y-connector. The dispenser includes a first tube that is fluidly coupled to a first port of the Y-connector, with the first tube being configured to deliver ozone gas to the cold tank. The dispenser further includes a second tube that is fluidly coupled to a second port of the Y-connector, with the second tube being configured to deliver ozone gas to the water bottle. The ozone gas is effective to sterilize and prevent biofilm formation within the interior areas of the cold tank and water bottle. The dispensers further include an in-line flow restrictor positioned in-line with either the first tube or second tube, which helps balance the flow of ozone that is delivered to the cold tank and water bottle.