The present invention provides a thermal cracking tube having the effect of agitating a fluid in the tube and capable of preventing overheating due to the generation of laminar flow, wherein the thermal cracking tube 10 has an agitating element 20 formed on and projecting inwardly from an inner surface of the tube, wherein the fluid agitating element comprises a fin 21 extending along the inner surface of the tube and bumps 24 provided on a region near the fin and projecting inwardly from the inner surface of the tube, wherein the region near the fin includes an upstream side and/or a downstream side of the fin in the direction of the fluid flowing through the tube.

A static mixer is disclosed. The static mixer comprises a housing (22) defining an internal mixing cavity (36) that longitudinally extends along a central axis between an inlet (38) and an outlet (40) and is adapted for axial flow of a fluid therethrough. The static mixer also comprises a mixing element (42) disposed within the mixing cavity (36). The mixing element (42) is configured to be free from an impingement surface oriented substantially perpendicular to a main direction of fluid flow through the internal mixing cavity (36). The mixing element (42) comprises an elongated mixing blade that is oriented longitudinally within the mixing cavity (36) and comprises a nose axially oriented toward the inlet (38). The static mixer may comprise a heat-exchanging jacket integrally formed with the housing (22). An additive manufacturing system comprising the static mixer, and methods of making and using the same, are also disclosed.

The present disclosure is directed towards improved systems and methods for large-scale production of nanoparticles used for delivery of therapeutic material. The apparatus can be used to manufacture a wide array of nanoparticles containing therapeutic material including, but not limited to, lipid nanoparticles and polymer nanoparticles. In certain embodiments, continuous flow operation and parallelization of microfluidic mixers contribute to increased nanoparticle production volume.