A method for producing formaldehyde from methanol. The method includes the steps of packing a catalyst comprising platinum, bismuth and a support material into a reactor, introducing a reactant mixture containing methanol into the reactor such that the reactant mixture containing methanol is in close contact with the catalyst, and heating the reactant mixture containing methanol to a temperature for a period of time.

The invention relates to a production method for an oxide capable of efficiently producing an oxide of an organic compound in the presence of raw materials for a Pt/Bi composite catalyst, and to a production method for a Pt/Bi composite catalyst capable of producing a catalyst that exhibits a high activity for dehydrogenation oxidation reaction of an organic compound even in the presence of an organic compound to be a raw material for an oxide. The oxide production method includes subjecting an organic compound having one primary hydroxy group to a dehydrogenative oxidation reaction in the presence of Pt supported by a carrier, a Bi ion source and water, under the condition such that the minimum value of the pH during the reaction is less than 7, thereby obtaining an oxide of the organic compound.

An oxidation catalyst is described for treating an exhaust gas produced by a diesel engine comprising a catalytic region and a substrate, wherein the catalytic region comprises a catalytic material comprising: bismuth (Bi), antimony (Sb) or an oxide thereof; a platinum group metal (PGM) selected from the group consisting of (i) platinum (Pt), (ii) palladium (Pd) and (iii) platinum (Pt) and palladium (Pd); and a support material, which is a refractory oxide; wherein the platinum group metal (PGM) is supported on the support material; and wherein the bismuth (Bi), antimony (Sb) or an oxide thereof is supported on the support material and/or the refractory oxide comprises the bismuth, antimony or an oxide thereof.

An oxidation catalyst is described for treating an exhaust gas produced by a diesel engine comprising a catalytic region and a substrate, wherein the catalytic region comprises a catalytic material comprising: bismuth (Bi) or an oxide thereof; an alkaline earth metal or an oxide thereof; a platinum group metal (PGM) selected from the group consisting of (i) platinum (Pt), (ii) palladium (Pd) and (iii) platinum (Pt) and palladium (Pd); and a support material comprising alumina doped with silica in a total amount of 0.5 to 15% by weight of the alumina.

An oxidation catalyst is described for treating an exhaust gas produced by a diesel engine comprising a catalytic region and a substrate, wherein the catalytic region comprises a catalytic material comprising: bismuth (Bi) or an oxide thereof; a platinum group metal (PGM) selected from the group consisting of (i) platinum (Pt), (ii) palladium (Pd) and (iii) platinum (Pt) and palladium (Pd); and a support material comprising a mixed oxide of titanium dioxide and silica; or a composite oxide of titanium dioxide and silica; or titanium dioxide doped with silica; wherein the platinum group metal (PGM) is supported on the support material; and wherein the bismuth (Bi) or an oxide thereof is supported on the support material.

An oxidation catalyst is described for treating an exhaust gas produced by a diesel engine comprising a catalytic region and a substrate, wherein the catalytic region comprises a catalytic material comprising: bismuth (Bi) or an oxide thereof; an alkali metal or an oxide thereof; a platinum group metal (PGM) selected from the group consisting of (i) platinum (Pt), (ii) palladium (Pd) and (iii) platinum (Pt) and palladium (Pd); and a support material comprising a mixed oxide of alumina and silica, a mixed oxide of silica and a refractory oxide, a composite oxide of alumina and silica, a composite oxide of silica and a refractory oxide, alumina doped with a silica or silica doped with a refractory oxide.

A method for producing formaldehyde from methanol. The method includes the steps of packing a catalyst comprising platinum, bismuth and a support material into a reactor, introducing a reactant mixture containing methanol into the reactor such that the reactant mixture containing methanol is in close contact with the catalyst, and heating the reactant mixture containing methanol to a temperature for a period of time.

Disclosed herein are methods for synthesizing useful intermediates and/or products from 1,2,5,6-hexanetetrol (HTO), which itself can be derived from a sugar. In an aspect, a process is provided for production of THFDCA from 1,2,5,6-hexanetetrol (HTO). The process comprises the steps of (a) ring closing to form a ring compound and (b) oxidizing using a catalyst comprising platinum and bismuth to form an acid mixture. Step (a) may be performed before or after step (b).

Milling methods that use grinding media particles formed of a ceramic material having an interlamellar spacing of less than 1250 nm.

A method for producing a hydrofluoroolefin is provided. The formation of by-products of an over-reduced product having hydrogen added to a material chlorofluoroolefin and an over-reduced product having not only chlorine atoms but also fluorine atoms in the chlorofluoroolefin replaced with hydrogen atoms is suppressed in the method. The method includes reacting a specific chlorofluoroolefin with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst supported on a carrier to obtain the hydrofluoroolefin. The catalyst is a catalyst composed of an alloy containing at least one platinum group element of palladium and platinum, and at least one second element of copper, gold, lithium, potassium, silver, zinc, tin, lead, and bismuth.