The present disclosure relates to the selective hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of bio-based furanic ketones with a bifunctional copper-based catalyst in the presence of a solvent to prepare alkyl furans with high yield, purity, and scalability. The alkyl furans prepared herein are useful in the preparation of surfactants.

According to the subject matter of the present disclosure, a cracking catalyst may comprise zeolite, alumina, nickel oxide, hydrogenation metal, and a core shell Pt/SiO.sub.2. The core shell Pt/SiO.sub.2 may comprise a platinum nanoparticle encapsulated by a microporous SiO.sub.2 layer.

In a method for producing porous composite bodies, which have a support structure made of a material having good thermal conductivity and which have at least one functional material, a multiplicity of shaped bodies (1) made of the functional material are coated with the material having good thermal conductivity and a solid connection between the coated shaped bodies (1) is established in order to form the support structure made of the material having good thermal conductivity. The coating (2) is generated with a porous structure or is provided with a porous structure, which, after the solid connection has been established, permits access for a liquid or gaseous medium through the coating to the functional material. The method permits cost-effective production of porous composite bodies with very good heat transfer properties.

A modified Y-type molecular sieve contains 0.5-2 wt. % of Na.sub.2O based on the total amount of the modified Y-type molecular sieve. In the modified Y-type molecular sieve, the ratio between the total acid amount measured by pyridine and infrared spectrometry and total acid amount measured by n-butyl pyridine and infrared spectrometry is 1-1.2. The total acid amount measured by pyridine and infrared spectrometry of the modified Y-type molecular sieve is 0.1-1.2 mmol/g. The acid center sites of the molecular sieve of the modified Y-type molecular sieve are distributed in the large pore channels. The molecular sieve is used in the hydrocracking reaction process of a wax oil.

A method for producing a hydrocracking catalyst includes preparing a framework substituted Y-type zeolite, preparing a binder, co-mulling the framework substituted Y-type zeolite, the binder, and one or more hydrogenative metal components to form a catalyst precursor, and calcining the catalyst precursor to generate the hydrocracking catalyst. The framework substituted Y-type zeolite is prepared by calcining a Y-type zeolite at 500° C. to 700° C. to form a calcined Y-type zeolite. Further, the framework substituted Y-type zeolite is prepared by forming a suspension containing the calcined Y-type zeolite, the suspension having a liquid to solid mass ratio of 5 to 15, adding acid to adjust the pH of the suspension to less than 2.0, adding and mixing one or more of a zirconium compound, a hafnium compound, or a titanium compound to the suspension, and neutralizing the pH of the suspension to obtain the framework substituted Y-type zeolite.

A method for producing a cluster-supporting catalyst, the cluster-supporting catalyst including porous carrier particles that has acid sites, and catalyst metal clusters supported within the pores of the porous carrier particles, includes the following steps: providing a dispersion liquid containing a dispersion medium and the porous carrier particles dispersed in the dispersion medium; and in the dispersion liquid, forming catalyst metal clusters having a positive charge, and supporting the catalyst metal clusters on the acid sites within the pores of the porous carrier particles through an electrostatic interaction.

Disclosed is a hydrocracking catalyst, a preparation method and an application thereof. The catalyst comprises a carrier, silicon dioxide and active ingredients loaded on the carrier, wherein the carrier comprises Y molecular sieves and SAPO-34 molecular sieves. The preparation method of the hydrocracking catalyst comprises the following steps: (1) mixing materials comprising Y molecular sieves and SAPO-34 molecular sieves, and then subjecting the mixture to molding, drying and calcinating to obtain a carrier; (2) introducing silane and the active ingredients into the carrier prepared in the step (1), subsequently performing the drying and calcinating to prepare the hydrocracking catalyst. The catalyst prepared with the method can be used for hydrocracking reaction, thereby significantly increase yield of jet fuel.

An aspect of the present disclosure relates to a process for preparing a composite hydroalkylation catalyst including: (a) effecting impregnation of a hydrogenation metal on an inorganic oxide to form a metal impregnated inorganic oxide; (b) effecting calcination of the metal impregnated inorganic oxide to obtain a calcined metal impregnated inorganic oxide; (c) preparing a composite mixture comprising a molecular sieve, the calcined metal impregnated inorganic oxide and a binder; (d) preparing an extruded catalyst; and (e) effecting calcination of the extruded catalyst to obtain the composite hydroalkylation catalyst. The composite hydroalkylation catalyst prepared using this process affords dramatic improvement in conversion of mononuclear aromatic hydrocarbon and the yield of the hydroalkyled mononuclear aromatic hydrocarbon (e.g. CHB).

A method for converting an alcohol to a hydrocarbon, the method comprising contacting said alcohol with a metal-loaded zeolite catalyst at a temperature of at least 100° C. and up to 550° C., wherein said alcohol can be produced by a fermentation process, said metal is a positively-charged metal ion, and said metal-loaded zeolite catalyst is catalytically active for converting said alcohol to said hydrocarbon.

The present invention relates to a catalyst for the oxidation of hydrogen chloride to chlorine, wherein the catalyst comprises an inorganic carrier matrix and a zeolite, wherein the inorganic carrier matrix comprises Y, O, and optionally comprises X, wherein the zeolite comprises Y and O in its framework structure, and optionally comprises X in its framework structure, wherein Y is a tetravalent element and X is a trivalent element, wherein the inorganic carrier matrix and the zeolite are loaded with copper and with one or more rare earth metals, and wherein the zeolite is supported within the inorganic carrier matrix. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a molding comprising the catalyst, as well as to a process for the production of the catalyst and the molding, respectively, as well as to their respective use in a process for the oxidation of hydrogen chloride to chlorine.