A mold clamping apparatus includes a mold clamping cylinder. The mold clamping cylinder has, in a region thereof located below left and right lower tie bars and above left and right sliders, a left grooved portion opened leftward and elongated horizontally, a right grooved portion opened rightward and elongated horizontally, and a leg portion formed between the left and right grooved portions. The leg portion and the left and right grooved portions together form a constricted part.

A mold clamping apparatus includes a fixed platen, a mold clamping cylinder, a movable platen moved by the mold clamping cylinder toward the fixed platen, and a mold opening/closing actuator for moving the movable platen or the mold clamping cylinder. The mold clamping apparatus further includes a mold thickness adjustment cylinder provided between the mold clamping cylinder and the movable platen, the mold thickness adjustment cylinder being configured to generate an axial force larger than an axial force in an expanding direction of the mold opening/closing actuator and smaller than an axial force in a contracting direction of the mold clamping cylinder.

A mold clamping machine includes a stationary mount, a movable mount, a mold-clamping mechanism and a mold opening and-closing mechanism. The mold-clamping mechanism includes a cylindrical constraining mechanism and has a magnet mechanism built therein. By causing a current to flow or not flow, the constraining mechanism changes to an unconstrained state or to a constraining state. In the unconstrained state, the mold clamping mechanism is movable relative to and along a tie bar. In the constrained state, the mold clamping mechanism becomes unmovable relative to the tie bar. The magnet mechanism positions the mold-clamping mechanism at any desired arbitrary position along the tie bar.

Disclosed is an electric mould opening and closing system for an injection moulding machine, includes a mould opening and closing driving device including a mould transferring mechanism, a brake mechanism, a mould clamping mechanism and a brake auxiliary mechanism having a first state and a second state. When opening or closing mould, driven by the mould transferring mechanism, the brake auxiliary mechanism and the mould transferring mechanism make the movable plate move forward or backward in a horizontal direction, and the mould transferring mechanism is separated from the mould clamping mechanism by the brake auxiliary mechanism, and the brake auxiliary mechanism is in the first state. When braking, a linkage is formed between the brake mechanism and the mould transferring mechanism, the brake auxiliary mechanism is in the second state, and the mould clamping mechanism locks the movable plate.

In a die-casting machine with toggle-joint or without toggle-joint, a threaded section or a shaped section of horizontal columns is made by first carrying out turning and then rolling.