An inkjet print head comprises a fluid channel for holding a channel amount of fluid, the fluid channel comprising a pressure chamber in fluid communication with a nozzle orifice; a piezo actuator comprising an active piezo stack, comprising a first electrode, a second electrode, and a piezo-material layer arranged between the first and the second electrode; and a membrane, the active piezo stack being provided at a surface of the membrane and the membrane forming a flexible wall of the pressure chamber, and a cavity having a cavity dimension determining a wall dimension of the membrane. The piezo-actuator is arranged to deform by bending upon application of a voltage over the first electrode and the second electrode, and the piezo actuator has an actuator compliance.

A method of manufacturing such print head comprises the steps of selecting a desired actuator compliance; manufacturing a first print head layer comprising the piezo actuator; determining at least one actual actuator property of the piezo-actuator; determining a desired wall dimension based on the actual actuator property such that the combination of the piezo actuator and the membrane having the desired wall dimension provides for the desired actuator compliance; and manufacturing a second print head layer comprising the cavity. The cavity has the cavity dimension corresponding to the desired wall dimension such that the piezo actuator of the assembled inkjet print head has an actual actuator compliance corresponding to the desired actuator compliance.

A liquid ejecting head includes a flow channel forming substrate that is provided with a space constituting a pressure generating chamber which communicates with nozzle openings, a vibration plate that is stacked on one surface of the flow channel forming substrate and seals the space, and a piezoelectric element that includes a first electrode, a piezoelectric layer, and a second electrode sequentially stacked on a surface of the vibration plate opposite to the flow channel forming substrate, in which the first electrode is formed, in which at least a width of a first direction along the opposite surface is narrower than the space in a region corresponding to the space, the piezoelectric layer is stacked so as to overlap the first electrode and at least a part of the vibration plate in the region corresponding to the space, the second electrode is stacked so as to overlap the piezoelectric layer in the region corresponding to the space, and as a thickness of a stacked direction of the piezoelectric element is a thickness of the piezoelectric layer, a first thickness (D1) of the piezoelectric layer of a part positioned on the first electrode and a second thickness (D2) of the piezoelectric layer of a part positioned on the vibration plate satisfy a relationship of the first thickness (D1)>the second thickness (D2).

A liquid ejecting head includes a liquid flow channel including nozzles constituting a nozzle row configured to eject a liquid, a dummy flow channel including dummy nozzles constituting a dummy nozzle row not configured to eject liquid, and a closing section formed by an adhesive and closing the dummy flow channel.

A fluid ejection head includes a first member, a second member, a resin layer that bonds the first member and the second member together, and a flow channel to which at least part of the resin layer is exposed. The resin layer includes a cured product of a resin composition. The resin composition includes (A) an epoxy resin, (B) an episulfide resin, (C) a polythiol compound, and (D) at least one of hydrophobic titanium oxide or hydrophobic alumina.

A joining method includes a process of applying a joining material including a thermosetting resin to a member. The joining material includes an addition-type silicone resin. The joining material includes one or more kinds selected from the group consisting of a methyl-based straight silicone resin, a phenyl-based silicone resin, and a modified silicone resin.

A vibration layer is formed by the AD method on a cavity plate before forming pressure chambers, a common electrode is formed on the vibration layer, and a piezoelectric layer is formed on the common electrode by the AD method. Subsequently, the pressure chambers are formed in the cavity plate by the etching. After that, individual electrodes are formed on the piezoelectric layer. Subsequently, the stack of the cavity plate, the vibration layer, the common electrode, the piezoelectric layer, and the individual electrodes is heated at about 850 C. to simultaneously perform the annealing of the piezoelectric layer and the sintering of the individual electrodes and the common electrode. Accordingly, the atoms of the cavity plate are suppressed from being diffused into the driving portions of the piezoelectric layer.

The piezoelectric body is configured to have a layered structure such that a plurality of unit layers are stacked in a film thickness direction, and each of the unit layers is formed of a first layer on which the displacement is relatively easy to occur, and a second layer which has a high concentration of Zr as compared with the first layer. In addition, when composition ratio Ti/(Zr+Ti) of Zr to Ti in each of the first layer and the second layer is set as Cr1 and Cr2, the composition ratio of each layer is adjusted so as to satisfy the following conditions (1) to (3):

0.41Cr10.81(1)

0.1Cr1Cr20.3(2)

Cr1>Cr2(3).

A method for manufacturing a liquid jetting apparatus includes: a wire formation step of forming a wire so that a part of the wire covers a piezoelectric film; and an electrode formation step of forming a second electrode, after the wire formation step, on a surface of the piezoelectric film on a side far from a vibration film so as to be in electrical conduction with the wire. The liquid jetting apparatus includes: a flow passage formation portion; and a piezoelectric actuator having the vibration film provided on the flow passage formation portion, the piezoelectric film arranged on the vibration film, a first electrode arranged on a surface of the piezoelectric film on a side near to the vibration film, the second electrode arranged on the surface of the piezoelectric film on the side far from the vibration film, and the wire connected to the second electrode.

A nozzle plate includes a nozzle substrate and a liquid-repellent film. The nozzle substrate includes a nozzle to discharge liquid. The liquid-repellent film is disposed on a liquid discharge side of the nozzle substrate and including a fluororesin having a fluorine-containing heterocyclic structure with ether linkage in a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) skeleton. The liquid-repellent film includes a slope region that slopes in a direction in which a film thickness of the liquid-repellent film is smaller toward an edge of the nozzle in a peripheral portion of the nozzle.

An electromechanical transducer element includes a first electrode; an electromechanical transducer film stacked on one surface of the first electrode; a second electrode stacked on the electromechanical transducer film; and wiring formed on the second electrode. In an at least one cross section, each of a boundary, on a second electrode side, of the electromechanical transducer film and a boundary, on a side opposite to the electromechanical transducer film, of the second electrode is a curved shape protruding away from the first electrode. In the at least one cross section, each of a film thickness of the electromechanical transducer film and a film thickness of the second electrode becomes thinner toward end portions from a maximum height portion.