A multilayer structure includes one or more resin layers; and a glass layer laminated over the resin layers via bonding layers, wherein when ρ.sub.0 is a critical radius of curvature at which the glass layer does not break even though the multilayer structure being bent so that the glass layer is inside, a ratio t/ρ.sub.0 of a thickness t of the glass layer to the critical radius of curvature ρ.sub.0 is 0.001 or more and 0.02 or less.

A method for laminating glass sheets is disclosed. A sandwich structure sheet moving in a heating furnace on rollers is heated by two-sided hot air blasting which is carried out by several successive blowing aperture sections, and, to reduce or prevent the formation of air bubbles in finished laminated glass, the heating of the rear end of the sandwich structure sheet is prevented by cutting off the hot air blasting of at least one blowing aperture section when the rear edge of the sandwich structure sheet approaches the blowing aperture section. An apparatus for laminating glass sheets is also disclosed, comprising a heating furnace, a pair of press rolls and means for establishing location data on the sandwich structure sheet. The heating furnace is provided with a roller track, a blower, a heating resistor, an air distribution conduit, and several successive blowing boxes with closing means.

A laminate comprising a printed interlayer, a first sheet of plastic or glass and a second sheet of plastic or glass. The interlayer is bonded between the first sheet and the second sheet. In another configuration, the first sheet and the second sheet are bonded together by the interlayer.

In some embodiments, a process comprises applying an adhesive layer to a substrate having a developable shape. The process further comprises initially applying a force to press a thin glass layer against the adhesive layer along a generation line. The generation line moves across the substrate to cold-form the thin glass layer into the shape of the substrate, while maintaining the application of force on areas of the substrate over which the generation line has passed. The application of force is maintained on areas of the substrate over which the generation line has passed until the adhesive cures.

A solar control system for a vehicle window includes a substrate made of biaxially-oriented polyethelene terephthalate, a thermochromic film formed on the substrate or on an intervening dielectric layer that is formed on the substrate, and a protective layer. The protective layer may be made of biaxially-oriented polyethelene terephthalate and may be laminated on the thermochromic film or on a thermochromic core comprising one or more thermochromic film(s) and/or dielectric layer(s). The thermochromic film may include vanadium dioxide nanocrystals. The solar control system may be applied to a vehicle window such as a windshield of an automobile.

The present invention aims to provide an interlayer film for a laminated glass that adheres sufficiently to glass at peripheral portions of the glass to prevent occurrence of a sealing failure at the peripheral portions and also to contribute to improved production efficiency of laminated glass in production of laminated glass, even when having a thickness at the thickest portion of 850 m or more, and a laminated glass produced using the interlayer film for a laminated glass. Provided is an interlayer film for a laminated glass having a large number of recesses on at least one surface, the interlayer film for a laminated glass having a thickness T (m) measured in conformity with JIS K-6732 (1996) and a maximum height roughness Ry (m) measured in conformity with JIS B-0601 (1994) at a thickest portion, the thickness T and the maximum height roughness Ry satisfying the following expressions (1) and (1):
Ry0.0195T+33.2(1),
T850(1).

A method for autoclave-free lamination of a composite pane. A stack sequence of a substrate pane, at least one intermediate layer, and a cover pane is produced, a vacuum ring or a vacuum bag is placed around the stack sequence, the stack sequence is deaerated for a period of t8 min and at a temperature T from 0 C. to 30 C. by application of a negative pressure of p0.3 bar to the vacuum ring or the vacuum bag, the stack sequence is heated to a temperature T of 70 C. to 115 C., the stack sequence is deaerated for a period t of t8 min by application of a negative pressure of p0.3 bar to the vacuum ring or the vacuum bag, the stack sequence is cooled to a temperature T<70 C., the vacuum ring or the vacuum bag is aerated and removed, the stack sequence is heated to a temperature T from 40 C. to 120 C., the stack sequence is pressed together between at least two opposing calender rollers of a first calender unit over the entire width b of the stack sequence.

A polymer interlayer comprising a layer comprising a poly(vinyl acetal) resin having a residual hydroxyl content and a residual acetate content, and a plasticizer, wherein the residual hydroxyl content, the residual acetate content and the plasticizer are selected such that the polymer interlayer has at least one glass transition temperature less than about 20 C. and a peak tan delta of greater than 1.29, and a glass panel having a configuration of 2.3-mm glass//interlayer//2.3-mm glass and at 20 C. has a transmission loss, TL.sub.w, of greater than 41 decibels as measured by weighted average sound transmission loss at 2000 to 8000 Hz, and a transmission loss, TL.sub.c, of greater than 38 decibels at the coincident frequency is disclosed.

A method for laminating glass sheets is disclosed. A sandwich structure sheet moving in a heating furnace on rollers is heated by two-sided hot air blasting which is carried out by several successive blowing aperture sections, and, to reduce or prevent the formation of air bubbles in finished laminated glass, the heating of the rear end of the sandwich structure sheet is prevented by cutting off the hot air blasting of at least one blowing aperture section when the rear edge of the sandwich structure sheet approaches the blowing aperture section. An apparatus for laminating glass sheets is also disclosed, comprising a heating furnace, a pair of press rolls and means for establishing location data on the sandwich structure sheet. The heating furnace is provided with a roller track, a blower, a heating resistor, an air distribution conduit, and several successive blowing boxes with closing means.

A method of manufacturing a glass resin laminated body includes a step of sticking a glass film on a resin film via an adhesive layer while holding the glass film and the resin film between a first roller that presses against the resin film and a second roller that is disposed opposite to the first roller and that presses against the glass film. A ratio of an elastic modulus P1 of a surface layer of the first roller to an elastic modulus P2 of the resin film P1/P2 satisfies a relation of 310.sup.3P1/P21.0.