A printing apparatus includes: a supply unit configured to supply a cleaning liquid into the cap; a discharge unit configured to discharge the liquid from the cap; and a control unit configured to execute a discharge operation to cause the discharge unit to discharge an amount of the liquid smaller than a supply amount of the cleaning liquid supplied into the cap by the supply unit.

A printing apparatus includes: a printing unit configured to print an image on a printing medium; a conveying unit configured to convey the printing medium on which the image is printed in a conveyance direction; a fixing unit configured to fix the image onto the printing medium by heating the printing medium on which the image is printed and that is conveyed by the conveying unit; a measuring unit configured to measure a reflected light intensity of the image on the printing medium; and a control unit configured to set a fixing condition to be used for the printing medium based on a change in the reflected light intensity measured by the measuring unit in a fixing process of the image.

A drying device includes a heater, a supporter, a controller, and a temperature detector. The heater heats a medium. The supporter is disposed opposite the heater to support the medium. The controller turns on the heater while the medium is conveyed, and turns off the heater when the medium is stopped. The temperature detector detects a temperature of the supporter. The controller is connected to the temperature detector to turn off the heater when the temperature detected with the temperature detector is a predetermined temperature or higher.

A print head includes an ejection module that ejects a liquid by receiving a corrected drive signal, wherein the ejection module includes a piezoelectric element including a piezoelectric body, the piezoelectric body being located between a first electrode and a second electrode, a pressure chamber substrate located on one side of the vibration plate in the stacked direction and provided with a pressure chamber whose volume changes due to deformation of the vibration plate, a nozzle that ejects a liquid according to a change in volume of the pressure chamber, and a temperature detection unit that is located on the other side of the vibration plate, wherein the drive signal is corrected based on N pieces of temperature information, where N is a natural number of 2 or more, corresponding to the temperature of the pressure chamber detected by the temperature detection unit at different timings.

A liquid ejection head has a plurality of nozzles and has a plurality of drive elements configured to cause the plurality of nozzles to eject liquid. A temperature sensor is configured to detect a temperature of the liquid ejection head. A heat generator generates heat when the plurality of drive elements is driven. A controller is configured to: perform a determining process of determining, based on a particular parameter indicative of a temperature difference, whether the printer is in a first state where the temperature difference is constant or in a second state where the temperature difference varies with time, the temperature difference being a temperature difference between the temperature detected by the temperature sensor and an actual temperature of the liquid ejection head; and control the plurality of drive elements based on a determination result in the determining process.

In an inkjet printer, when an estimated viscosity of a first ink in a first nozzle is less than a threshold value, a power supply generates a first drive voltage, and when the estimated viscosity of the first ink is the threshold value or more, the power supply generates a second drive voltage higher than the first drive voltage. Moreover, at a time of vibrating a meniscus of a second ink in a second nozzle, when the first drive voltage is generated by the power supply, there is output to a drive element a first meniscus vibration signal, and when the second drive voltage is generated, there is output a second meniscus vibration signal by which energy imparted to the second ink by the drive element when applied to the drive element at an identical voltage level will be smaller compared to the first meniscus vibration signal.

The controller obtains temperature data based on a temperature sensor when the controller is in an energized state and stores temperature history information of the obtained temperature data in a storage. The controller determines whether there occurs a non-energized state after a previous purge operation, estimates the temperature data in the non-energized state based on the temperature history information when the non-energized state exists after previous execution of the purge operation, and sets a purge condition of a next purge operation based on an elapsed time from previous execution of the purge operation and the temperature history information stored in the storage, sets the purge condition based on the estimated temperature data in the non-energized state in addition to the elapsed time and the temperature history information when there exists the non-energized state after the previous execution of the purge operation.

Provided are a fringe information measuring apparatus that measures information on a fringe region using a temperature sensor array and a substrate treating system including the same. The fringe information measuring apparatus comprises: a laser sensor configured to output a first laser light and a second laser light to intersect each other; a thermal sensor array configured to pass through a fringe region formed by the intersection of the first laser light and the second laser light; and a control module configured to measure a position of the fringe region based on information obtained when the thermal sensor array passes through the fringe region.

A printing head includes printing element boards which are in fluid communication with each other through a liquid chamber, includes an inlet port and an outlet port, and is arranged such that the ink circulates inside the liquid chamber, and inside the liquid chamber, the ink circulates in nozzle portions in the printing element boards. An inspection apparatus includes: the printing head; an inlet passage; an outlet passage; an ink circulatory system; an inlet temperature sensor; and an outlet temperature sensor, and estimates a temperature distribution of the printing head from measured values of the inlet temperature sensor and the outlet temperature sensor and calculates calibration values of the temperature sensors of the respective printing element boards.

An ink jet printer according to an aspect of the invention includes a heat platen that is capable of heating in a state of supporting recording sheets, a head that discharges ink onto the recording sheets from a nozzle plate in which nozzles are provided, a temperature sensor that acquires temperature information of the nozzle plate, a main scanning portion that performs a main scanning operation that relatively moves the head in a main scanning direction with respect to the recording sheets, a sub-scanning portion that performs a sub-scan operation that relatively moves the recording sheets in a sub-scanning direction, which intersects the main scanning direction, with respect to the head, and a determination portion that determines the necessity of a heating operation, in which the heat platen heats the nozzle plate, on the basis of the temperature information before printing.