Misalignment of printing positions between print heads associated with thermal expansion is reduced without increasing a data processing load. To this end, printing element substrates in a reference head and an adjustment target head are adjusted to a target temperature, and a liquid is circulated through the print element substrates. After thermal expansion of the reference head and the adjustment target head reaches a steady state, a first printing region being a printing region of the reference head and a second printing region being a printing region of the adjustment target head in a longitudinal direction are obtained from an image printed by using all printing elements. Then, used regions to be used for actual printing are set among the printing elements arranged on the reference head and the adjustment target head based on the first printing region and the second printing region.

A stirring element to stir liquid includes a rod-shaped body configured to have a magnetic force at a first end portion and to have a magnet force at a second end portion opposite to the first end portion in a longitudinal direction, a first blade configured to extend on the first end portion of the rod-shaped body, and a second blade configured to extend on the second end portion of the rod-shaped body. The first blade and the second blade each have a plate shape.

An electrode pad portion of a liquid ejection head substrate includes a layer containing one of an iridium metal and an iridium alloy, and at least a portion of a cavitation resistant layer is provided in the same layer with the same material as the layer containing one of the iridium metal and the iridium alloy.

A system and method of printing on a strand element with a printer head. The printer head includes a conduit and a cavity formed within the conduit, wherein the cavity is configured to receive the strand element and pass the strand element from a first end of the cavity to a second end of the cavity. The printer head also includes a set of nozzles formed on the conduit and positioned on a perimeter of the cavity around a first target location within the cavity, wherein at least one of the nozzles is a fluid nozzle configured to dispense a fluid, and at least one of the nozzles is a vacuum nozzle configured to apply a vacuum force on the cavity.

A circuit die may include an outermost circuit layer having electrical transmission routing and an alignment target overlying the outermost circuit layer.

A wafer structure is disclosed and includes a chip substrate and at least one inkjet chip. The chip substrate is a silicon substrate which is fabricated by a semiconductor process on a wafer of at least 12 inches. The at least one inkjet chip is directly formed on the chip substrate by the semiconductor process, and the wafer is diced into the at least one inkjet chip, to be implemented for inkjet printing.

A recording apparatus that performs recording on a recording medium, includes a liquid discharge head including a plurality of element substrates each having a discharge port configured to discharge liquid and a heat element configured to heat the liquid, a channel member including a common supply channel configured to communicate with the plurality of the element substrates and to supply the liquid to the plurality of the element substrates, and a common collecting channel configured to communicate with the plurality of the element substrates and to collect the liquid from the plurality of the element substrates, wherein the common supply channel and the common collecting channel are respectively disposed out of alignment in a conveyance direction of the recording medium, and wherein, upstream of the element substrates, the recording apparatus comprises a heat unit configured to heat the liquid flowing in the common supply channel.

A liquid ejecting head which has a supply path that is used to supply a liquid and a circulation flow path that branches from the supply path and is joined to the supply path again, and communicates with an ejection orifice for ejecting the liquid. The circulation flow path has an energy generating element that is provided facing the ejection orifice and generates energy for ejecting the liquid, and a liquid feed element that is used to circulate the liquid. The energy generating element and the liquid feed element are located at different distances from the supply path, and the circulation flow path has a pressure chamber provided with the energy generating element at a position farthest from the supply path.

First and second individual flow paths coupling a first common liquid chamber to a second common liquid chamber are arranged side by side, and each individual flow path is provided with first and second pressure chambers. At least a part of the first individual flow path is provided in a space overlapping a region between the adjacent second pressure chambers when viewed in a Z axis direction, the space not overlapping the second pressure chamber when viewed in a Y axis direction.

Misalignment of printing positions is reduced in a print head that circulates an ink between a printing apparatus and the print head in a case where the misalignment is apt to change dynamically along with heat deformation. To this end, printing element substrates in the print head are adjusted to a target temperature and then a liquid is circulated through the print element substrates. After thermal expansion of the print head reaches a steady state, an amount of misalignment of printing positions in a direction of conveyance of the print head is obtained by using a test pattern printed by using printing elements. Further, a correction value for correcting the misalignment of the printing positions is set based on the obtained amount of misalignment of the printing positions.