A liquid ejection head including a liquid distribution path with a first liquid circulation flow path that is branched from the liquid distribution path and a second liquid circulation flow path joined to the liquid distribution path. A flow path wall sections the first and second liquid circulation flow paths and an ejection orifice is provided in each of the second liquid circulation flow path. Energy generating elements and liquid circulating elements are provided in each of the first and second liquid circulation flow paths. A structure is provided on an extension line of a center line of the first flow path wall and is placed at a position at which the structure overlaps the liquid distribution path.

A liquid discharge head includes a substrate, a pressure chamber through which a first liquid and a second liquid flow while being in contact with each other, a pressure generating element configured to pressurize the first liquid, and a discharge port configured to discharge the second liquid. The substrate has a first channel and a second channel that each extend through the substrate. The first channel is used to supply the first liquid to the pressure chamber. The second channel is used to supply the second liquid to the pressure chamber. A viscosity of the second liquid is greater than a viscosity of the first liquid. An average cross-section area of the second channel is greater than an average cross-section area of the first channel.

A printing apparatus includes: a tank configured to contain ink; a print head configured to eject ink supplied from the tank; a supply flow path through which liquid is supplied from the tank to the print head; a collection flow path through which liquid is collected from the print head to the tank; a circulation unit configured to circulate ink inside a circulation flow path including the tank, the supply flow path, the print head, and the collection flow path; and a cooling unit configured to cool the tank by blowing.

There is provided a liquid discharge head, including: a channel unit; a vibration film; and piezoelectric elements. Pressure chambers form pressure chamber pairs arranged in a second direction. Each of the pressure chamber pairs includes a first pressure chamber and a second pressure chamber that communicate with an identical nozzle via a communication channel Rigidity of a first partition wall separating the first pressure chamber from the second pressure chamber, the first and second pressure chambers being included in each of the pressure chamber pairs, is different from rigidity of a second partition wall separating the first pressure chamber from the second pressure chamber, the first and second pressure chambers being adjacent to each other in the second direction and included in different pressure chamber pairs included in the pressure chamber pairs.

A liquid ejection module includes a pressure chamber, a supply flow channel that supplies a liquid to the pressure chamber, a collection flow channel that collects the liquid from the pressure chamber, a liquid feeding chamber connected to one of the supply flow channel and the collection flow channel, and a connection flow channel connecting the liquid feeding chamber to the other of the supply flow channel and the collection flow channel. The liquid feeding chamber includes a liquid feeding mechanism that circulates the liquid in the supply flow channel, the pressure chamber, the collection flow channel, the liquid feeding chamber, and the connection flow channel. A ratio of a sum of flow channel resistance of the supply flow channel, the pressure chamber, and the collection flow channel relative to flow channel resistance of the connection flow channel is equal to or above 0.5.

A liquid discharge head includes a liquid discharge substrate that has a discharge-orifice row, pressure generating elements, and pressure chambers. The liquid discharge head discharges a liquid in a block-by-block manner using sequential driving. The discharge-orifice row is disposed so as to incline at an angle θ=Arctan (d1/d2) relative to a direction extending orthogonal to the conveyance direction of the medium, in which d1 (μm) is a disposition spacing of the discharge orifices in the discharge-orifice row in the conveyance direction and d2 (μm) is a disposition spacing of the discharge orifices in the discharge-orifice row in the direction orthogonal to the conveyance direction. A partition wall is formed between adjacent pressure chambers so as to separate the adjacent pressure chambers from each other. The partition wall has a communicating portion that communicates the adjacent pressure chambers with each other.

A liquid ejection head, a liquid ejection apparatus, and a liquid ejection method are capable of sufficiently suppressing the thickening of a liquid in an ejection orifice. The liquid ejection head includes a pressure chamber, a channel in which a liquid is caused to flow through the pressure chamber, an ejection orifice communicating with the pressure chamber, and an ejection energy generation element configured to eject the liquid in the pressure chamber from the ejection orifice. A meniscus of the liquid is formed at an end portion of the ejection orifice communicating with the pressure chamber.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide an element substrate and a print head with which a decrease in yield and an increase in cost in a manufacturing process can be suppressed. For that purpose, a VH wiring line and a GNDH wiring line are provided in parallel in the same layer.

One embodiment of the present invention is a liquid ejection apparatus having: a liquid ejection head including a heating element, a first protection layer that blocks contact between the heating element and liquid, a second protection layer that partially covers the first protection layer and functions as a first electrode, a second electrode that is electrically connected to the first electrode through the liquid, and an ejection port that ejects the liquid; and a control unit configured to perform control of setting a potential difference between the first electrode and the second electrode to a predetermined value in each of aging and printing by changing at least one of potentials of the first electrode and the second electrode, wherein ΔVa≠ΔVp is satisfied in the case where the potential difference in the aging is represented by ΔVa and the potential difference in the printing is represented by ΔVp.

In a liquid ejection head in which ejection modules are arrayed on a flow path forming member, each ejection module includes a recording element substrate provided on a support member. The recording element substrate includes a liquid supply channel, a liquid collection channel, and ejection ports. The support member includes supply-side liquid communication ports communicating with the liquid supply channel and collection-side liquid communication ports communicating with the liquid collection channel. The supply-side liquid communication ports and the collection-side liquid communication ports are alternately provided along the direction in which the ejection modules are arrayed. The closest pair of liquid communication ports in the adjacent ends of two adjacent ejection modules are both supply-side or collection-side liquid communication ports.