A switchable glazing unit comprising a glazing panel spaced apart from a pane of glazing material by a perimeter seal is described. The glazing panel comprises first and second glass sheets. A first electrode layer is on a first major surface of the first glass sheet and a second electrode layer is on a first major surface of the second glass sheet. A layer of liquid crystal material is between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer. When no voltage is applied to the first and second electrode layers, the liquid crystal layer has a first opacity, and upon applying a suitable voltage between the first and second electrode layers, the liquid crystal layer has a second opacity different to the first opacity. Methods of making such a switchable glazing unit are also described.

Provided is an organic EL display device including an optical laminate, and a foldable device formed of the organic EL display device. The optical laminate includes a glass plate, a first pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, a polarizer layer, a second pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, and an optically anisotropic layer in this order, in which the glass plate has a thickness of less than 100 μm, the polarizing layer is formed of a composition for forming a polarizing layer which contains a liquid crystal compound and an organic dichroic material, a distance A between the first pressure-sensitive adhesive layer and the polarizer layer is 10 μm or less, and a distance B between the polarizer layer and the second pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is 10 μm or less.

Objects are to provide a projection-image-displaying laminate film that enables, when used for, for example, a HUD, displaying of undistorted projection images of high-quality screen images, a laminated glass using the projection-image-displaying laminate film, and an image display system using the laminated glass. The objects are achieved with a projection-image-displaying laminate film including a half-mirror film including a selective reflection layer configured to wavelength-selectively reflect light, and a heat-sealing layer disposed on one surface of the half-mirror film, wherein the half-mirror film has a stiffness at 25° C. of 4.0 N.Math.mm or less, and the heat-sealing layer has a thickness of 40 μm or less, contains a thermoplastic resin, and has a surface opposite from the half-mirror film, the surface having a static coefficient of friction of 1.0 or less.

Laminated glass for a vehicle includes a vehicle-interior side glass plate, a vehicle-exterior side glass plate, an interlayer film that bonds the vehicle-interior side glass plate and the vehicle-exterior side glass plate, and a structure sealed in the interlayer film. The interlayer film includes a first interlayer film bonded to the vehicle-interior side glass plate, a second interlayer film bonded to the vehicle-exterior side glass plate, and a third interlayer film located between the first interlayer film and the second interlayer film to enclose an outer periphery of the structure. Where a film thickness of the first interlayer film or the second interlayer film, whichever is thinner, is denoted as ti, and a thickness of the structure is denoted as ts, ti/ts≥0.4 is satisfied. Where a flexural modulus of the structure is denoted as E.sub.1 [MPa], a relationship between ts and E.sub.1 satisfies E.sub.1×ts.sup.3≥500.

A composite pane includes a functional element having electrically controllable optical properties, includes an inner pane including an inner and outer side and an outer pane including an inner and outer side, a thermoplastic intermediate layer, which joins the inner side) of the inner pane to the inner side of the outer pane, a functional element embedded in the thermoplastic intermediate layer and having electrically controllable optical properties at least including a multilayer film containing, arranged surface-to-surface one above the other in this sequence, a first carrier film, a first surface electrode, an active layer, a second surface electrode, and a second carrier film. The active layer includes a matrix and an active substance, and the concentration of the active substance varies over the area of the functional element.

An antireflective switchable laminated glass construction having a switchable functional film formed of a switchable material layer, a first polymer substrate with a first transparent conductive coating, and a second polymer substrate with a second transparent conductive coating. The switchable functional film is sandwiched between first adhesive polymer interlayer and glass substrate and second adhesive polymer interlayer and glass substrate. The switchable laminated glass construction in an ON (transparent) state has a total light transmittance higher than 50% and a reflectance equal to or less than 13%, as measured from at least one side of the switchable laminated glass construction.

A self-powered laminated switchable glass system. The laminated switchable glass system having an interior and exterior tempered glass layer. A transparent luminescent solar concentrator layer and a switchable glass film layer is disposed between the exterior and interior glass layer. The solar layer provides power to the switchable glass film layer to allow selective opacity of the switchable glass film.

A composite pane with an electrically controllable functional element that can be switched in segments, includes a first pane, a second pane, which are joined to one another via an intermediate layer, and a functional element that is integrated in the intermediate layer, wherein the functional element includes, arranged flat one over another, a first surface electrode and a second surface electrode, between which an active layer is arranged flat, the first surface electrode is divided into multiple segments by at least one separating line, a group of first busbars electrically conductively contact the first surface electrode, at least one second busbar electrically conductively contacts the second surface electrode, and wherein each segment of the first surface electrode is electrically conductively contacted by at least two busbars of the group of the first busbars.

A switchable optical device is provided having a first substrate (11), a second substrate (12) and a seal (114). The two substrates (11, 12) and the seal (114) are arranged such that a cell having a cell gap is formed and a switchable medium (10) is located inside the cell gap. The first substrate (11) has a first transparent electrode (21) and the second substrate (12) has a second transparent electrode (22). The electrodes (21, 22) are facing towards the cell gap. The two substrates (11, 12) are arranged such that the first substrate (11) has a first region (71) adjacent to a first edge (41) of the first substrate (11) which does not overlap with the second substrate (12) and the second substrate (12) has a second region (72) which does not overlap with the first substrate (11). A first electrically conducting busbar (31) is arranged in the first region (71) and a second electrically conducting busbar (32) is arranged in the second region (72). A first terminal is electrically connected to the first busbar (31) and a second terminal is electrically connected to the second busbar (32). The first substrate (11) and the second substrate (12) each have an edge deletion (116) in which the respective transparent electrode (21, 22) is removed. The edge deletion (116) is complete on the edges non-adjacent to a busbar (31, 32) and there is no edge deletion or only partial edge deletion on edges adjacent to a busbar (31, 32).

Further aspects of the invention relate to a method for designing a switchable optical device, a method for driving a switchable optical device, a method for manufacturing a switchable optical device and a system comprising a switchable optical device and a controller for driving the switchable optical device.

A switchable laminated glazing with improved bus bar that solves the problem of inhomogeneities and reduce the cost of its fabrication by providing a laminated glazing that comprise a switchable layer (14) that has an active material sandwiched between two conductive coated plastic layers (8), at least two bus bars (20) in electrical contact with the respective conductive coated plastic layer (8), and at least two pliable conductive media (12), each of them between the respective coated plastic layer (8) and bus bar (20). The area covered by pliable conductive medias (12) is substantially less than the area covered by bus bars (20). The invention provides an improved lower cost bus bar by sparing use of a pliable conductive media and by using a pliable conductive media in different kind of configurations.