A laminated pane, includes an outer pane, an inner pane, and at least two intermediate layers, wherein at least two separate functional elements with electrically controllable optical properties are arranged in a plane between the two intermediate layers, wherein on two opposite sides of each functional element, an inner bus bar is connected in each case to the respective functional element and at least one of the two opposite sides of each functional element is sealed by two PET barrier films, which are partly arranged between an intermediate layer and the functional element, wherein attached on one of the PET barrier films is at least one outer bus bar that is connected via an electrically conducting connection to the inner bus bar of a functional element, in order to electrically control the functional element separately from the other functional element or elements.

A privacy glazing structure may include an electrically controllable optically active material that provides controlled transition between a privacy or scattering state and a visible or transmittance state. To make electrical connections with electrode layers that control the optically active material, the privacy glazing structure may include an offset pane arrangement. The structure may include first and second panes that contain an optically active material. The two panes may be sandwiched by two laminated outer panes. In some examples, the first and second panes are recessed relative to the laminated outer panes along their side edges to define recesses in which electrical connection features are positioned.

A device having a functional element having electrically controllable optical properties, includes an electrical energy source having an output voltage U, a functional element having electrically controllable optical properties, and at least two supply lines, by means of which the electrical energy source and the functional element are connected. The output voltage U has an alternating voltage having a frequency f from 40 Hz to 210 Hz, a maximum amplitude U.sub.max from 24 V to 100 V, and a slope in the range of the output voltage U between 80% U.sub.max and 80% U.sub.max from 0.05*U.sub.max/100 s to 0.1*U.sub.max/100 s and in the range of the output voltage U between 80% U.sub.max and 80% U.sub.max from 0.05*U.sub.max/100 s to 0.1*U.sub.max/100 s.

A laminated glazing with at least one step-shaped functional portion comprising two stack of components, the main stack of components in which the alteration of its properties is not desirable, and a second stack of components comprising a functional layer.

A laminated light valve film comprising: (a) a film having first and second opposed outer surfaces; (b) a first layer of a polymeric interlayer material upon at least a portion of each opposed outer surface; (c) a first pair of substrates, one of which is adhered to the interlayer material upon the first outer opposed surface of the light valve film and the second is adhered to the interlayer material upon the second outer opposed surface of the light valve film, these substrates being formed from plastic or glass; (d) a second layer of polymeric interlayer material applied to at least a portion of an outer surface of each one of the first pair of substrates; and (e) a second pair of substrates, one being adhered to the interlayer upon the outer surface of one of the first pair of substrates and a second one adhered to the interlayer material on the outer surface of a second one of the first pair of substrates, the second pair of substrates being formed from plastic or glass, with the proviso that when the first pair of substrates is formed of plastic, the second pair of substrates is formed of glass, and vice-versa.

There is provided a laminated glass with a functional film having good design property for a long term by suppressing a peeling at an interface between a functional film and an intermediate bonding layer. A laminated glass includes: a pair of glass plates facing each other; a pair of intermediate bonding layers brought into contact with facing surfaces of the pair of glass plates; and a functional film arranged between the pair of intermediate bonding layers, wherein a thickness measured at an end portion of the laminated glass is smaller by 5 m or more than a thickness of the laminated glass measured at a position on the inside by 10 mm from the end portion, and at least one of intermediate bonding layers has moisture permeability (A) being a degree of moisture permeability at 40 C. and 90% RH measured by JIS Z 0208: 1976 of 50 g/m.sup.2.Math.day or less.

A system such as a vehicle may have windows. A window may be provided with a light modular or other active layer having an electrically adjustable optical property. The active layer may have a pair of electrodes. The electrodes may be used to apply electric fields across the active layer to adjust the active layer. A lower sheet resistance electrode may be supplied with a current to ohmically heat the active layer. A higher sheet resistance electrode may be supplied with a voltage gradient to create a gradient in light transmission or other optical property as a function of distance across the higher sheet resistance electrode. The electrodes may be provided with terminals that are formed from elongated strips of metal or other terminal structures. The terminals may run along the peripheral edges of the electrodes.

Method and composition for switchable panels are disclosed. Switchable films are placed between glass and liquid resin is injected between the glass and cured. The panels may be used for a wide variety of applications.

A privacy glazing structure may include an electrically controllable optically active material that provides controlled transition between a privacy or scattering state and a visible or transmittance state. To make electrical connections with electrode layers that control the optically active material, the privacy glazing structure may include electrode engagement regions. In some examples, the electrode engagement regions are formed as notches in peripheral edges of opposed panes bounding the optically active material. The notches may or may not overlap to provide a through conduit in the region of overlap for wiring. In either case, the notches may allow the remainder of the structure to have a flush edge surface for ease of downstream processing.

A laminated light valve film comprising: (a) a film having first and second opposed outer surfaces; (b) a first layer of a polymeric interlayer material upon at least a portion of each opposed outer surface; (c) a first pair of substrates, one of which is adhered to the interlayer material upon the first outer opposed surface of the light valve film and the second is adhered to the interlayer material upon the second outer opposed surface of the light valve film, these substrates being formed from plastic or glass; (d) a second layer of polymeric interlayer material applied to at least a portion of an outer surface of each one of the first pair of substrates; and (e) a second pair of substrates, one being adhered to the interlayer upon the outer surface of one of the first pair of substrates and a second one adhered to the interlayer material on the outer surface of a second one of the first pair of substrates, the second pair of substrates being formed from plastic or glass, with the proviso that when the first pair of substrates is formed of plastic, the second pair of substrates is formed of glass, and vice-versa.