A process for the purification of a graphite material that includes metal sulfide impurities is provided. The process includes subjecting the graphite material to oxidizing conditions, in the presence of oxygen, to convert the metal sulfide impurities into metal oxides and sulfur dioxide, thereby obtaining a metal sulfide-lean graphite material; subjecting the metal sulfide-lean graphite material to carbochlorination, in the presence of chlorine gas, to convert the metal oxides into metal chlorides and obtain a metal chloride-rich graphite material; and purging the metal chlorides from the metal chloride-rich graphite material, thereby obtaining a purified graphite material.

A process for the purification of a graphite material that includes metal sulfide impurities is provided. The process includes subjecting the graphite material to oxidizing conditions, in the presence of oxygen, to convert the metal sulfide impurities into metal oxides and sulfur dioxide, thereby obtaining a metal sulfide-lean graphite material; subjecting the metal sulfide-lean graphite material to carbochlorination, in the presence of chlorine gas, to convert the metal oxides into metal chlorides and obtain a metal chloride-rich graphite material; and purging the metal chlorides from the metal chloride-rich graphite material, thereby obtaining a purified graphite material.

A method for producing metal chloride M.sup.x+Clx includes reacting metal carbonate in solid form using phosgene, diphosgene and/or triphosgene to form metal chloride M.sup.x+Clx, wherein the metal M is selected from the group containing alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, Al and Zn, Li and Mg, or Li, for example, and x corresponds to the valency of the metal cations. An apparatus for performing such method is also disclosed.

The invention is in the field of recycling plastic material. In particular, the invention is directed to a method for dechlorination of a chlorine-containing polymer comprised in plastic material using superheating. The invention is further directed to a dechlorinated polymer obtainable by the method. The method is performed in water, with a pH of at most 4 during the method.

The invention is in the field of recycling plastic material. In particular, the invention is directed to a method for dechlorination of a chlorine-containing polymer comprised in plastic material using superheating. The invention is further directed to a dechlorinated polymer obtainable by the method. The method is performed in water, with a pH of at most 4 during the method.

Method to separate at least a light fraction comprising low-density plastics having a density lower than water from plastic waste using superheating in water. The method is further based on efficient phase separation between different plastic and at least partial melting of the low-density plastics.